SURREALISM Most Dada artists joined the Surrealist movement as well Included many similar ideas -used Dada techniques to “release the unconscious” Exploration of ways to express in art the world of dreams and the unconscious Inspired by Freud and Jung - interested in the nature of dreams In dreams, people moved beyond the constraints of society Artists’ role: to bring inner and outer reality together Two forms of Surrealism: Biomorphic (interested in life forms): Joan Miro Naturalistic (recognizable scenes of nightmare or dream images): Rene Magritte, Salvador Dali Dali, The Crucifixion, 1958.

SURREALISM A style of art and literature developed principally in the 20 th century, in which fantastic visual imagery from the subconscious mind is used with no intention of making the artwork logically comprehensible.  Involves fantasy & dreams  Is illogical  Stresses the subconscious  Automatism – to allow your subconscious mind to take over in your art.  Demented sense of humor 1924 – 1950s (between World Wars I & II) Europe (especially France and Spain) Founded in 1924 by poet and critic Andre Breton who published The Surrealist Manifesto: join the world of fantasy to the everyday rational world in “an absolute reality, a surreality.” Breton adapted the theories of Sigmund Freud- dream analysis the unconscious is the wellspring of the imagination. Magritte, Time Transfixed, 1938.

Rene Magritte ( ) Mother committed suicide when Magritte was 14 Known for placing realistic objects together in absurd combinations Rene Magritte, The Son of Man, 1964.

Rene Magritte The Human Condition 1933.

Rene Magritte The Human Condition 1935.

Jacques Louis-David, Madame Recamier, 1800.

Magritte, David's Madame Recamier, 1950.

Rene Magritte The Therapist 1941.

Magritte, Treachery of Images,

Rene Magritte, The False Mirror, 1935.

Magritte, The Lovers (2), 1928.

Salvador Dali At the young age of 10, Dalí first began painting Dalí embraced all the science of painting as a way to study the psyche through subconscious images. He called this process the Paranoiac Critical Method. As any paranoiac, the artist should allow these images to reach the conscience, and then do what the paranoiac cannot do: Freeze them on canvas to give consciousness the opportunity to comprehend their meaning. Dies of heart failure in 1989

The images of Salvador Dali are very realistically rendered. He was a superb draftsman and used that ability to create a dreamlike or nightmarish reality of his own. This image called Soft Boiled Beans was also said to be his premonition about the Spanish Civil War. Dali, Soft Boiled Beans, 1936.

Decay and death are symbolized by a dead tree and a strange sea monster decomposing The limp watch indicates that someone has the power to twist time as he or she sees fit. Bottom Line: in time, everything will die and decay except time itself Dali, The Persistence Of Memory, 1931.

Salvador Dali, The Persistence Of Memory, 1931.

Photo of Dali, 1948 (Philip Halsman).

Salvador Dali, Disintergration of The Persistence Of Memory, 1954.

Salvador Dali, Cannibalism in Autumn,

Salvador Dali, The Slave Market (Bust of Voltaire), 1940.

Salvador Dali, The Metamorphosis of Narcissus, 1937.

Jean-Francois Millet, The Angelus

Dali, Archeological Reminiscence of Millet's Angelus,

Salvador Dali, The Temptation of St. Anthony, 1946.

Miro, Le Petit Rose, 1933 Joan Miro Organic forms that expand and contract visually Used automatism - planned accidents Element of hallucination Very abstract, almost child-like images Combination of unconscious and conscious image-making

Joan Miró, A Dew Drop Falling from a Bird's Wing Wakes Rosalie, who Has Been Asleep in the Shadow of a Spider's Web

Joan Miro Dutch Interior I 1928.

Joan Miro, Harlequin’s Carnival,