What kind of organisms are these?

6 KINGDOMS

EUBACTERIA Most bacteria belong to this kingdom Streptococcus, E. coli, nitrogen-fixing bacteria Once part of kingdom Monera unicellular Prokaryotic Most heterotrophic Asexual reproduction No complex organ systems

Why are Bacteria important? Nitrogen fixation Decomposition Help aid in digestion Flavor cheese, sour cream, yogurt chemosynthesis HOWEVER:  Some bacteria cause disease (pathogenic)

ARCHAEBACTERIA  Means “ancient bacteria”  Thought to be some of oldest living things  Live in harsh environments such as hot acidic springs or deep in the ocean near hot vents  Carry out chemosynthesis (most autotrophic)  Used to be part of kingdom Monera  Unicellular, prokaryotic, asexual reproduction

PROTISTA  Protozoa: “first animal”  Eukaryotic  Unicellular  Fresh & salt water habitats & moist soil  Some parasitic  Heterotrophic  Sexual & asexual reproduction  Most motile No complex organ systems

AUTOTROPHIC PROTISTS Seaweeds, diatoms, dinoflagellates, algae Make their own food Some unicellular, some multicellular Some systems place them in PLANT kingdom But no true leaves, roots, stems, seeds

FUNGI  Mushrooms, molds, mildews  Most multicellular  Eukaryotic  Nonmotile  Heterotrophic  Cell walls  Reproduce by spores  HYPHAE filaments that secrete enymes for digesting food (mycelium: intertwined hyphae)

Why are Fungi important?  Decomposition  Edible/food  Antibiotics However:  Some carry diseases (ringworm, athlete’s foot)  Some destroy crops (rusts & smuts)

PLANTAE Grasses, weeds, flowers, shrubs, trees Multicellular eukaryotic Autotrophic/ photosynthesis Nonmotile Sexual & asexual reproduction

ANIMALIA Sponges, jellyfish, worms, squid, clams, insects, crabs, starfish, fish, frogs, reptiles, birds, mammals Multicellular Eukaryotic Heterotrophic Motile Sexual reproduction

A Classification Dilemma This organism is an Euglena… It’s unicellular…mobile…eats other organisms…contains chlorophyll…makes its own food Where does it belong?? PROTISTA

And what about Viruses??

Are they alive?? LIVING CHARACTERISTICS Organized: head, tail, nucleic acid Contain DNA or RNA contain a PROTEIN coat Adapt (protein coat for protection; can mutate) Viruses can reproduce (make more of itself…BUT… NON LIVING CHARACTERISTICS Need HOST organism to make more viral parts & function at all Replicate rather than reproduce Don’t grow Don’t develop Don’t respond (antibiotics nor other drugs don’t work on viruses

STRUCTURE OF VIRUSES ANIMAL VIRUSES PLANT VIRUSES BACTERIAL VIRUSES

VIRAL DISEASES ANIMAL Influenza (flu) Common cold Mumps measles Chicken pox Herpes HIV PLANT Tobacco mosaic Alfalfa mosaic Lettuce mosaic Potato X Tomato bushy stunt Citrus psoriasis Grapevine fanleaf

Viral Infection LYTIC VIRUS enter host cell…begin making parts immediately (flu or mumps virus) LYSOGENIC VIRUS Enter host cell; but remains inactive for period of time (HIV, herpes viruses) VACCINE….weakened form of the virus …injected into a Person to stimulate an immune response

WANTED POSTER You will be assigned an organism You need to find a picture (mug shot) You need to include the following information on the poster: Price (on its head) Kingdom it belongs to Phylum it belongs to (*you may also need to know the class) 3 characteristics Location (where does it live?) How does it feed?