1. Domains and Kingdoms

2. 3 Domains
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya

3. Words to know before we start…
Organism- a living thing.
Unicellular – one cell
Multicellular – more than one cell
Prokaryotic – doesn’t have a nucleus
Eukaryotic – has a nucleus
Autotroph – can create its own food
Heterotroph – can’t make its own food

4. Domain Archaea Approximately 4% of all organisms are Archaea
There are about 600,000
Archaea species
All prokaryotes
Includes one Kingdom:
Archaebacteria
Thermus aquaticus

5. Domain Archaea
Include bacteria that live in extreme hot/cold environments
Hot: hot springs (geysers at Yellowstone Park) and volcanic vents
Cold: arctic temperatures (under polar ice caps, ocean waters of Antarctica)
Also in extremely salty environments (Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake)
Also in extreme chemical
environments (in swamps,
guts of cattle)

6. Domain Bacteria Approximately 7% of all organisms are Bacteria
Estimated to be about 1 million types of bacteria of which only 4,000 have been identified
Many are decomposers and non-harmful bacteria that help our bodies
Many species help by producing
antibiotics and food
All prokaryotes
Includes one Kingdom:
Eubacteria

7. Ways bacteria affect you!
Cause :
Acne
Cavities
Body Odor
Diseases – Strep Throat, Pneumonia, food poisioning
Most bacterial species do not and cannot cause disease.
Our body is covered with bacteria.
There is more bacteria in one person’s mouth than there are people in the world.

8. Bacteria that are helpful
Used to make foods like yogurt, sauerkraut, cheese, and vinegar
Used to make medicines – antibiotics and vaccines
Help to break down wastes (decomposers) like garbage, sewage, and oil – called bioremediation
Help digest our food

9. Bacteria that cause disease
Streptococcus Bacteria – causes Strep throat
Bacterial Pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Salmonella bacteria – causes food poisoning

10. Domain Eukarya Approximately 89% of all organisms are Eukarya
There are about 12.4 million species
All eukaryotes
Includes four Kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

11. Kingdom Archaebacteria
All prokaryotes
Live in extreme environments
Only unicellular
Reproduce asexually
Can be autotrophic or heterotrophic
Archae is the root for ancient
Examples:
Halophiles
Thermophiles

12. Kingdom Eubacteria All prokaryotes Live in moderate environments
Only unicellular
Reproduce asexually
Can be autotrophic or heterotrophic
Examples:
E. coli
Lactococcus lactis

13. Kingdom Protista All eukaryotes
Mostly unicellular but some multicellular
Can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic
Can reproduce sexually or asexually
3 Groups
Animal-like
Plant-like
Fungus-like
Microscopic
Live in Water

14. Kingdom Protista Animal-like protists Move Unicellular Heterotrophic
Classified by how they move
Cause many diseases
Paramecium
Amoeba

15. Kingdom Protista Plant-like Protists Autotrophic Algae are an example
Found mostly in water
Important food source for animals
Don’t move

16. Kingdom Protista Fungus-like Protists Have cell walls
Heterotrophic –must take in food
Water molds, slime molds and mildew

17. Kingdom Fungi All eukaryotes Many multicellular and some unicellular
All heterotrophs – feed on dead or decaying organisms
Can not perform photosynthesis – no chloroplasts
Can reproduce sexually or
asexually
Examples: Molds, Mushrooms
and yeast

18. Kingdom Plantae All eukaryotic All multicellular
All autotrophs, but in a few rare cases, some are also heterotrophs (Venus flytrap & Pitcher plant)
Can reproduce sexually or asexually
Life on Earth dependent on plants for food and habitat
Examples: grass, trees, weeds and vegetable plants

19. Kingdom Plantae

20. Kingdom Animalia All eukaryotes All multicellular All heterotrophs
Most reproduce sexually, but some may be asexual (sea anemones)
Usually able to move (except sea coral)
Most have specialized sense organs to respond to environment
90% are insects

21. Kingdom Animalia Invertebrates – Don’t have backbones Insects
Seas stars
Sponges
Jellyfish
Worms
Mollusks – snails, clams,
octopus

22. Kingdom Animalia Vertebrates – Have backbone Fish Amphibians Reptiles
Birds
Mammals