The Circulatory System :  The Heart  The Blood  The Blood Vessels

Functions of the Circulatory System: Transport of gases, nutrients, regulatory molecules,and waste Maintenance of pH and osmotic balance Maintenance of temperature Generating and maintaining blood pressure

Where is the heart? The heart is in the center of the chest with the apex pointing to the left.

Anatomy of the heart: Exterior

The Interior of the heart:

The Path Of Blood Flow: Oxygen rich blood and Oxygen poor blood never mix. The right side of the heart deals with O 2 poor blood (Pulmonary Circulation) while the left side deals with O 2 rich blood (Systemic Circulation)

What are the Steps of Circulation? 1. Blood returns to the right atrium through the inferior and superior vena cavae. 2. Blood passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle 3. Blood passes through the pulmonary semi-lunar valve into the pulmonary arteries 4. Blood releases CO 2 and picks up O 2 as it passes through the lungs 5. Blood returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins and collects in the left atrium 6. Blood flows through the mitral (bicuspid) valve into the left ventricle 7. Blood passes through the aortic semi-lunar valve and enters the aorta. 8. Blood travels to all the cells of the body through the capillaries, dropping off O 2 and nutrients and picking up CO 2 and waste. 9. Blood is collected by the veins to be returned to the heart.

Oxygenated and Deoxygenated Blood: Arterial Blood Venous Blood

Why is blood red? Blood is red due to the presence of hemoglobin When oxygen is attached to hemoglobin, it turns the molecule a bright red color. When less oxygen is present, the molecule is a burgundy color

Transport chemicals make blood different colors: Iron on hemoglobin Copper for transport Hemocyanin for transport Hemocyanin with copper