Chapter 33 Substance Abuse
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Substance Abuse Drugs, alcohol, and tobacco abuse is a serious problem. The government has spent billions to eradicate illicit drug use, with little success.
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Definition of Terms Substance misuse Improper use of prescribed drugs or other chemicals Substance abuse Unacceptable use of drugs or other chemicals for recreation
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Habituation and Dependence Habituation Pattern of repeated substance abuse Substance dependence Person cannot function without the use of a substance
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Dependence Psychological dependence A compulsive need to feel the effect of the abused drug Physical dependence When the body cannot function physiologically without the abused substance
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Addiction and Tolerance Addiction Person’s loss of control over chemical use Tolerance Amount of the substance used has to be increased to achieve desired effect
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Abused Drugs Heroin Cocaine Opiates Central nervous system depressants Alcohol Central nervous system stimulants Ecstasy Marijuana (cannabis) Psychedelic agents Tobacco Inhalants
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Abused Agents Several of the abused agents are discussed in this presentation.
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Opiate Abuse Includes morphine, codeine, meperidine, methadone, propoxyphene (Darvon), and hydromorphone HCl (Dilaudid) Effects: produces a rush, euphoria, tranquility, mental clouding, respiratory depression, and sleepiness Pupil constriction is a common effect and is easily detected.
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Sedative-Hypnotics Include diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), oxazepam (Serax), barbiturates Effects: produces sedation, drowsiness, slurred speech, impaired judgment, lethargy, and uncoordinated movements
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Alcohol Abuse Effects: depresses the central nervous system; produces relaxation and mood elevation With increased intake, produces impaired judgment, slurred speech, slowed reaction time, poor motor coordination, and poor balance (continues)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Alcohol Abuse If intake increases, the person loses his or her memory and demonstrates completely uninhibited behavior; can result in unconsciousness. (continued) (continues)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved Effects of alcohol consumption on the brain (continued)