Essential Question How did the event during the War of 1812 shape national identity?

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Intro 10

M/C 1-1

Election of 1808 James Madison (Republican) Charles Pinckney (Federalist) Madison assumed office in the midst of an international crisis

War Hawks Supported war with Britain Felix Grundy (TN) Felix Grundy (TN) Henry Clay (KY) Henry Clay (KY) John Calhoun (SC) John Calhoun (SC) Madison wanted to avoid war. Non-Intercourse Act Non-Intercourse Act: forbade trade with France & Britain while authorizing the president to reopen trade with whichever country removed its trade restrictions first.

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Why Did Southerners and Westerners Support War? British trade restrictions hurt farmers British trade restrictions hurt farmers Westerners blamed British for supporting Native American uprisings Westerners blamed British for supporting Native American uprisings

Moving West Kentucky Kentucky Tennessee Tennessee Northwest Territory Northwest Territory

Treaty of Greenville August 1795 August 1795 Indians gave up land in Ohio, Indiana, parts of Illinois and Michigan Indians gave up land in Ohio, Indiana, parts of Illinois and Michigan In 1795, 12 Native American nations signed the Treaty of Greenville. The Native Americans gave up parts of what later became Ohio and Indiana in exchange for a yearly payment of $10,000 from the federal government yearly payment of $10,000 from the federal government. As a result of the treaty, even more settlers moved into the region.

Tecumseh Shawnee leader Shawnee leader Believed Native Americans needed to unite to protect their lands Believed Native Americans needed to unite to protect their lands

William Henry Harrison Governor of Indiana territory Governor of Indiana territory Won at the Battle of Tippecanoe Won at the Battle of Tippecanoe Indian leaders fled to Canada Indian leaders fled to Canada

Declaration of War June 1812 June 1812 President Madison asked Congress to declare war against Great Britain President Madison asked Congress to declare war against Great Britain

Quote, Madison “Thousands of American citizens, under the safeguard of public law and of their national flag, have been torn from... Everything dear to them; have been dragged on board ships of a foreign nation to be exiled to the most distant and deadly climes to risk their lives in battles of their oppressors.”

Invasion of Canada Attacked from Detroit, Niagara Falls, Hudson River Valley Attacked from Detroit, Niagara Falls, Hudson River Valley All failed All failed

Oliver Hazard Perry secretly arranged for the construction of a fleet on the coast of Lake Erie. Leader of Lake Erie Fleet Leader of Lake Erie Fleet Defeated the British Defeated the British Control for U.S. of Great Lakes Control for U.S. of Great Lakes

Washington D.C. August 1814 August 1814 British fleet entered the city British fleet entered the city

Washington D.C. Madison and other leaders fled Madison and other leaders fled British set fire to the White House and the Capitol British set fire to the White House and the Capitol Dolly Madison saved important papers Dolly Madison saved important papers

Fort McHenry British marched on Baltimore British marched on Baltimore Attacked Fort McHenry Attacked Fort McHenry Not successful Not successful Nationalism sparked

Fort McHenry & The Star Spangle Banner

Francis Scott Key He wrote The Star- Spangled Banner while watching this battle He wrote The Star- Spangled Banner while watching this battle

Battle of Lake Champlain The same month, 15,000 British soldiers moved into New York. Their intend was to control Lake Champlain. September 11, 1814 September 11, 1814 U.S. Victory U.S. Victory Britain retreats!!! Britain retreats!!! Nationalism growing

Battle of New Orleans January 1815 January 1815 British landed with 7,500 at New Orleans British landed with 7,500 at New Orleans Victory for U.S. forces under Andrew Jackson (cotton bales) Victory for U.S. forces under Andrew Jackson (cotton bales) Nationalism blowing up

War of 1812

Treaty of Ghent On December 24, 1814, in the European city of Ghent, negotiators signed the Treaty of Ghent, ending the war of Dec Dec Ended the War of 1812 Ended the War of 1812 England must honor U.S. boundaries England must honor U.S. boundaries

Convention of 1818 U.S.-Canadian border from Minnesota to the Rocky Mountains set at 49 0 N latitude