1. Madison and the War of 1812 CH: 6 Section: 4

2. THE DECISION FOR WAR 1808 the Republican Party nominated James Madison, he won easily. Tensions between the United States & Britain were rising & Madison had to decide whether to lead the U.S. into the first real war since the Revolution Non-intercourse Act –stopped trade w/ France and Britain until one lifted the trade restrictions.

3. ECONOMIC PRESSURES May 1810, congress used a plan by Nathaniel Macon of NC, Macon’s Bill Number Two France was 1 st to lift restrictions on U.S. trade 1811 congress passed a non-importation act against Britain, which hurt the British economy 1812 Britain ends restrictions on U.S. trade 2 days later the U.S. declared war on Britain Most people who supported the war came from the South and West, J. Calhoun, Henry Clay, Felix Grundy- called War Hawks

4. THE WAR HAWKS These actions hurt mainly the S & W farmers, people also blamed Britain for clashed w/ Native Americans Early 1800’s settlers moved past the line in the Treaty of Greenville. Tecumseh & Tenskwatawa wanted to protect Native lands, W.H. Harrison-Gov. of IN Territory - wanted to stamp out resistance

5. TECUMSEH AND TIPPECANOE Nov. 1811 Harrison gathered a force and marched toward Prophetstown, attacked in the bloody Battle of Tippecanoe Tecumseh fled to Canada June 1812 Madison asked congress to declare war, vote split by region Country divided over war, called “Mr. Madison’s War”, few supplies, little money

6. Three Strikes Against Canada NE bankers are reluctant to fund war but Madison orders invasion of Canada All three strikes failed Commodore Oliver Perry was able to win victory over the British on Lake Erie, & allowed Gen. Harrison to win the Battle of Thames River. However, he was not able to go on and separate force lost Battle of Stony Creek

7. The War Ends British attack strategy in 3 parts –Cities, cut off New England, seize MS River D.C., burned White House & Capitol Baltimore turned the British away British defeat on Lake Champlain, no NY Hartford Convention, call for amendments Battle of New Orleans – U.S. victory –Andrew Jackson becomes a hero, nationalism

8. Treaty of Ghent Ended war of 1812 Restored prewar boundaries No territory changed hands No mention of impressment