Education – Popular Culture CHAPTER 13 SECTION 3

Education 1914 = 1 million Americans attended school 1926 = 4 million Americans attended school ◦Immigrants - challenge Educated students in vocational training ◦Industrial jobs

Multimedia Newspaper circulation rose ◦Sensational stories – tabloids Mass-circulation = magazines ◦Readers Digest ◦Time Radio = Most powerful communication ◦Hearing news as it happened

Baseball Americans - Spending money on entertainment Babe Ruth ◦Baseball = Babe Ruth ◦Yankees ◦“House that Ruth Built”

Heroes Charles A. Lindbergh Charles A. Lindbergh ◦1 st non-stop flight across Atlantic ◦May 20, 1927 ◦“Spirit of St. Louis” ◦33 hours and 29 minutes ◦$25,000 prize

Entertainment First movie with sound ◦The Jazz Singer – 1927 First animated film with sound ◦Walt Disney’s = Steamboat Willie ◦ F. Scott Fitzgerald ◦Coined the term “Jazz Age” ◦A new sound ◦Great Gatsby African Americans began to voice pride in their heritage ◦Richness in culture

Harlem Renaissance CHAPTER 13 SECTION 4

African Americans Great Migration ◦Move North - Employment ◦40% lived in cities NAACP ◦Protest racial violence ◦Fought legislation to protect rights ◦New more militant voice of African Americans

Harlem Renaissance Harlem ◦Neighborhood on the Upper West Side of New York’s = Manhattan Island ◦Worlds largest black urban community Harlem Renaissance Harlem Renaissance ◦Literary and artistic movement celebrating African- American culture ◦Led by educated / middle class African Americans ◦Resist prejudice / discrimination

Literature Langston Hughes ◦Movement’s best known poet ◦Described difficult lives of working-class ◦Some moved to the tempo of Jazz and the blues ◦

Jazz Originated = New Orleans Blended instrumental ragtime / vocal blues Louis Armstrong ◦Trumpet player ◦Most important / influential musician in history of jazz ◦ ◦

Musicians “Duke” Ellington” ◦Jazz pianist ◦Composer ◦10-piece orchestra ◦One of America’s greatest composers ◦ Bessie Smith ◦Female Blues singer ◦Outstanding vocalist of the decade ◦Highest paid African American artist ◦

Jazz Music – 1920’s

Artists Jungle Nights in Harlem ◦Duke Ellington Deadman Blues ◦Jelly Roll Morton Charleston ◦James P. Johnson ◦ West End Blues, What a Wonderful World ◦Louis Armstrong St. Louis Blues ◦Bessie Smith St. Louis Blues ◦W.C. Handy