EVERYDAY LIFE: 1840-1860.  Prosperity  Upper class  Technology  Transportation.

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Presentation transcript:

EVERYDAY LIFE:

 Prosperity  Upper class  Technology  Transportation

 some improvement  Flushing toilet, running water  Most struggled

 Cities  N.Y., Chicago  Transportation hubs

 Housing segregation  Poor, middle class, rich  No municipal services  Water, sewer, garbage  Epidemic diseases  Changed by 1860

 Into America  Throughout America  Trail of Tears, Internal slave trade  Ireland, Germany, Scandinavia

 Causes?  1850’s: 1.7 million  “No Irish Need Apply”  Illiterate Catholics peasants  Irish women  Oppression and hardships endured

This cartoon encounter between a newly arrived Irishman and an African American expresses the fear of many immigrants that they would be treated like blacks and denied the privileges of whiteness. SOURCE:Diogenes,Hys Lantern,August 21,1852,reprinted from Noel Ignatiev,How the Irish Became White (1995).

 Similar to Irish  Skilled, intellectuals  Farming clusters=communities  Today:  Largest ethnic agricultural owners

Wright’s Grove, shown here in an 1868 illustration, was the popular picnic grounds and beer garden for the large German community on Chicago’s North Side. Establishments such as this horrified American temperance advocates, who warned about the dangerous foreign notion of mixing alcohol with family fun. SOURCE:Chicago Historical Society.

FIGURE 13.1 Participation of Irish and German Immigrants in NY City Workforce for selected occupations 1855 SOURCE:Robert Ernst,Immigrant Life in New York City 1825 –1863 (Syracuse:Syracuse University Press,1994).

 Today?  Surroundings, language, customs  Integrating “old” country

 Churches, schools  Concert halls, theaters  Newspapers  Restaurants, shops

 Minstrel shows  Popular entertainment  White House, presidents

 Literature  Before 1800: classicism  Educated  Showed knowledge  Hawthorne, Melville

 Popular lit.  Common people  Emotional  True feelings  Regional, local feel  James F. Cooper  Last of the Mohicans  Fictional characters

 Middle class  Intellectual, social. literary  R.W. Emerson  “ideal, intuitive reality”  “Transcending” ordinary life  Individual knowledge  “self-reliance”  Nature  Intellectuals and commoners  All could learn  Look inside

 Thoreau  Individualism  Unique character  Quality of life?  Slavery?  Competitive economy?  Materialism?  Conformity?  Basis of industrial America

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