~ Heart and lungs are stronger ~ Cholesterol level is kept within a healthy range ~ Good ratio of muscle mass to fat mass is maintained. ~ Metabolic rate is increased. ~ More calories are burned because of an increase in muscle mass. What are some of the benefits of being physically fit?

~ Regular exercise has positive effects on feelings of depression and anxiety. ~Can reduce your stress level and help you sleep better. ~ Endorphines are released which give you a feeling of wellness and happiness. How can being physically fit help you mentally?

~ Being physically fit helps increase self esteem ~ Higher self-esteem usually results in people being more social. ~ Working out or playing a sport gives you an opportunity to interact with others you normally wouldn’t. How can being physically fit help you socially?

Physical fitness activities are classified into 5 components…

the ability of your heart, blood vessels, lungs and blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients to all of your body’s cells while you are being physically active.

refers to the ratio of lean body tissue (muscle) to body-fat tissue.

the ability of the joints to move through their full range of motion.

The amount of force that a muscle can apply in a given contraction.

the ability of the muscle to keep working over a period of time.

Why is a lifetime of physical activity so important? By beginning good habits in your early years and making a commitment to lifelong activity, you can delay or even prevent some of the chronic diseases associated with growing older.

What does getting FITT mean? = FREQUENCY = INTENSITY = TIME = TYPE

What are some common sport related injuries?

What is a concussion? A concussion is a minor traumatic brain injury that may occur when the head hits an object, or a moving object strikes the head. It can affect how the brain works for a while. A concussion can lead to a bad headache, changes in alertness, or loss of consciousness.

What is a fracture? Simple fracture, the skin is unbroken Compound fracture, the skin is broken and the bone may stick out from the skin. a crack or a break in a bone.

An injury in which a bone has been forced out of its normal position in a joint What is a dislocation ?

An injury in which ligaments are stretched or torn. What is a SPRAIN?

An injury in which muscles or tendons are stretched or torn, also known as a pulled muscle. What is a STRAIN? A pulled muscle feels stiff and can be difficult--and painful--to move. The muscle itself will feel hard.

Describe the RICE technique for treating a joint, muscle or bone injury. R = rest I = ice C = compression E = elevate

warm up and cool down stretch avoid dehydration choose the correct equipment and clothing avoid overuse of injury What can you do to avoid sport related injuries?

Other Injuries and Treatment

What are the 3 types of BURNS and how do you treat them?

Burns that affect the outer layer of the skin and look pink are 1st degree burns. Treatment: Apply cold water Take OTC pain reliever if needed

Burns that extend into the inner layer and are red, swollen and blistered are 2nd degree burns. Treatment: Apply cool water or ointment, Apply sterile dressing, Take OTC pain reliever if needed

Treatment: cover with a clean dry cloth treat for shock seek medical attention The most serious burns involve all layers of the skin and cause permanent tissue damage are 3 rd degree burns.

Do you treat chemical burns the same way you would treat a thermal burn? NO, for chemical burns contact the Poison Control Center, water may activate the chemical so check before treating.

A wound is a break in the soft tissue of the body. How do you define Wound?

Wash your hands and put on gloves, if you have them. Wash the wound with soap and water. Cover the wound with a clean, sterile dressing. How do you care for a minor wound?

Open wounds result in External Bleeding A closed wound does not break the skin and can result in Internal bleeding

Can you tell if a person is bleeding internally? What might some of the signs be? Only if it is near the surface of the skin.

A condition in which the body’s internal temperature is higher than normal. What is Hyperthermia? The 2 most common forms of hyperthermia are heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

*symptoms: cold, moist skin, headache, thirsty, nauseous *treatment: cool body down by putting victim in a cool place and offer fluids such as water or fruit juice. Heat Exhaustion: Warning that the body is becoming to hot.

*symptoms: hot dry skin, headache, nausea, extreme fatigue *treatment: get help immediately – life threatening the body loses its ability to cool itself by sweating because the victim has become dehydrated. Heat Stroke:

*symptoms: stiff muscles, shivering, weakness, dizziness, cold skin *treatment: get shelter, remove wet clothes, wrap person in blankets or towels the internal body temperature becomes dangerously low because the body loses heat faster than it can generate heat. Hypothermia:

*symptom: change in skin color to white or gray, feels numb *treatment: warm affected body part, do not rub. The body tissue becomes frozen Frostbite: