1. Ch 4 Lesson 5

2. Weather Related Risks  Risks associated with both hot and cold weather  Weather can also play a role in safety as well…slippery roads, lightning  If weather is too extreme stay inside.

3. Hot-Weather Risks  Dehydration- excessive loss of water May cause dizziness, nausea, confusion  Overexertion- overworking the body Heat exhaustion-overheating of the body ○ May result in cold skin, symptoms of shock, dizziness, headache If any of these symptoms occur go to a cool place and lie down with feet elevated and sip water, if vomiting occurs, get help

4. Hot-Weather Risks (cont)  Heat Cramps- muscle spasm that results from loss of large amounts of salt and water through sweat Muscle tightens and is painful!  Heat Stroke- body loses ability to rid itself of excessive heat Sudden increase in body temp, life- threatening Symptoms- difficulty breathing, collapses, Immediately call 9-1-1

5. Cold-Weather Risks  Frostbite- body tissue becomes frozen Especially ears, face, feet, fingers Early warning sign is frostnip, whitening of the skin  Hypothermia-condition in which body temp becomes dangerously low Body loses ability to warm itself Brain can not function, body shuts down

6. How to dress in cold weather  Wear Layers!! First layer- pull moisture away from body Second Layer- provide insulation Top Layer- keep heat in and water and wind out  Wear a Hat! 70% of body heat is lost through your head

7. Sun and Wind Exposure  Should use SPF 15 everyday on face  Use at least SPF 30 if prolonged exposure to sun  SKIN CANCER!! (10am-4pm)  Wind burn-wear protective clothing and lip balm

8. Minor Injuries  Muscle Cramp Stay hydrated, stretch  Strain Injury to a tendon or muscle  Sprain Injury to ligament surrounding a joint  Treatment= R.I.C.E

9. Major Injuries  Fracture- break in the bone Swelling, extreme pain  Dislocation- bone out of normal position in a joint Must be put back in place  Tendonitis- tendon stretched or torn from over use  Concussion- blow to the head Brain swelling, unconsciousness