1. Sports Injuries 1

2. Nine Causes of Injury 6. Intensity Loading 7. Effect of Levels
Intrinsic Factors
Extrinsic factors
Over-use
Alignment
6. Intensity
7. Effect of Levels
8. Gravity
9. Resistance

3. Injuries occur in two ways; 1. Extrinsically or 2. Intrinsically
CAUSES OF INJURY:
Injuries occur in two ways;
1. Extrinsically or 2. Intrinsically
Either as a result of
external force from outside your
body or
internal force from inside your body. 3

4. Most common in contact sports.
An externally caused injury might involve someone bumping into you, impacting on your body to cause a fracture or dislocation.
Most common in contact sports.
Extrinsic Forces
Impact injuries are common in invasion sports
There are two types, Impact with;
Someone , tackle, collision, punch, kick or
Something, hockey stick/ball, landing hard, running into a post.
These cause bruises, sprains, fractures, dislocations or concussion. 4

5. Chronic injuries arise when a condition is left untreated.
INTRINSIC INJURIES
Internally, sudden movements can strain and tear soft tissue, muscle fibres and tendons, or damage ligaments, something that’s also possible from overtraining.
Chronic injuries arise when a condition is left untreated. 5

6. OVERUSE AND CHRONIC INJURIES
Overuse injuries;
As the name implies these are caused by using a part of the body again and again and include tennis or golf elbow., both count as repetitive strain injuries or RSI
Initially these can be eased with RICE
Chronic injuries
These happen when this type of injury is not treated or given time to heal.
These types of injury can lead to arthritis. 6

7. 7

8. Types of injuries we are going to be examining….
Concussion
Sprains
Fractures
Dislocations 8

9. COMMON TYPES OF INJURY 1. Fractures:
a crack or a break in a bone or bones
Closed
- when the bone breaks but stays inside the skin.
Open
- when the bone breaks and comes out
through the skin.
2. Dislocation
when the bones of a joint are wrenched apart
3. Torn Cartilage
which tears, often in the knee and can 'lock' the joint 9

10. COMMON TYPES OF INJURY 4. Concussion – shaking/bruising to the brain
Caused by impact to the head, often knocking the person unconscious 10

11. COMMON TYPES OF INJURY Soft tissue injuries: treated with RICE
Sprains - when ligaments are overstretched or torn around a joint, eg twisted or sprained ankle.
Strains - when a muscle or tendon is overstretched or torn,
eg pulled muscle.
Bruises - caused when blood vessels burst under the skin following impact.
Pulled/torn muscles damage to fibres
Skin damage:
Cuts - caused by impact with a sharp object.
Grazes and blisters - caused by friction or rubbing. 11

12. Sprains Task: Open a word document the title is Causes & types of
injuries.
2. Using the internet
find a definition of a
sprain.
3. Use Google images to find a picture of a sprain. You have 4 minutes! 12

13. Signs & Symptoms of a Sprain
SIGNS – what can you see?
SYMPTOMS – what are they telling you?
Swelling
Bruising
Discolouration
Pain
Immobility of the joint
Unable to put weight on the injured part
Task: In your word document list the signs and symptoms for a sprain 13

14. How would you treat a sprain? R.I.C.E Rest Ice Compression Elevation
What sports are Sprains
most common in and why?
Task: In your word document state how you would treat a sprain and identify what sports are sprains most common in and why. 14

15. Fractures Task: Open a word document the title is Causes & types of
injuries.
2. Using the internet
find a definition of a
fracture
3. Use Google images to find a picture of a fracture You have 4 minutes! 15

16. Signs & Symptoms of a Fracture
SIGNS – what can you see?
SYMPTOMS – what are they telling you?
Swelling
Bruising
Discolouration
Deformity
Blood if it is an open fracture
Pale
Sweating
Pain
Unable to move injured area
Unable to put weight on the injured part
Feel sick
Task: In your word document list the signs and symptoms for a fracture 16

17. How would you treat a fracture?
What sports are Fractures
most common in and why?
Phone 999
Reassure them
Pad around the area if possible
Keep them warm
Task: In your word document state how you would treat a sprain and identify what sports are fractures most common in and why. 17

18. Fractures Signs & Symptoms: Two types of fractures: Pain
Simple/closed:
Bone has broken under the skin.
Compound/open fractures.
The bone is broken through the skin.
Signs & Symptoms:
Pain
Swelling
Could hear a grating noise
Deformity
Blood if it is a open fracture 18

19. Treatment of a fracture
Treatment of a Simple fracture:
Call 999, support the injured part – take to hospital.
DO NOT MOVE CASUALITY IN BOTH CASES!
Treatment of a Compound fracture:
Call 999 cover the site with a sterile dressing to prevent blood loss. Apply pressure to stop bleeding BUT NOT ON THE BONE!!!
What sports are fractures most common in? 19

20. Dislocation Task: Open a word document the title is Causes & types of
injuries.
2. Using the internet
find a definition of a
dislocation
3. Use Google images to find a picture of a dislocation You have 4 minutes! 20

21. Signs & Symptoms of a Dislocation
SIGNS – what can you see?
SYMPTOMS – what are they telling you?
Swelling
Bruising
Redness
Deformity
Warmth to the area
Pain
Loss of movement
Unable to put weight on the injured part
Feel sick
Task: In your word document list the signs and symptoms for a dislocation 21

22. How would you treat a dislocation?
What sports are dislocation
most common in and why?
Call 999
Reassure them
Use a sling if possible
Keep them warm
Task: In your word document state how you would treat a sprain and identify what sports are dislocations most common in and why. 22

23. Dislocations Dislocations are:
Dislocations occur at joints where the bone comes away from the socket.
Signs & Symptoms:
Pain in the injured area.
Loss of movement to the injured area
Swelling
Deformity of the area
Warmth to the area
Bruising or discolouration
Redness. 23

24. Treatment of Dislocation
Call 999 for an ambulance
Keep them warm to prevent shock occurring.
Immobilise neck and dislocated shoulder with padded splints or sling.
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPOSITION THE DISLOCATED BONE!!!!
What sports are fractures most common in? 24

25. Concussion Task: Open a word document the title is Causes & types of
injuries.
2. Using the internet
find a definition of a
concussion
3. Use Google images to find a picture of a concussion You have 4 minutes! 25

26. Signs & Symptoms of a concussion
SIGNS – what can you see?
SYMPTOMS – what are they telling you?
Swelling
Bruising
Maybe a cut on the head
Pale
Headache
Dizziness
Loss of short term memory
Sickness
Task: In your word document list the signs and symptoms for concussion 26

27. How would you treat a concussion?
What sports are concussion
most common in and why?
Conscious – keep them awake & monitor them, treat any wounds.
Unconscious & breathing – put them in the recovery position, phone for an ambulance.
Task: In your word document state how you would treat a sprain and identify what sports are concussion most common in and why. 27

28. Concussion
Concussion can be defined as a disturbance of the brain function and is usually brought about by a blow to the head.
Signs & Symptoms:
Dizziness
Loss of short term memory
Headache
Sickness (nausea) 28

29. Treatment
Conscious – keep them awake & monitor them, treat any wounds.
Unconscious & breathing – put them in the recovery position, phone for an ambulance.
What sport is concussion most common in? 29