21 st Century Teaching Strategies Vikki Costa California State University Fullerton

What are the skills of 21 st century professors?

1.Designs Effective Curriculum to Support Student Success 2.Creates Engaging Learning Environments 3.Uses a Variety of Teaching/Learning Strategies 4.Assesses Student Performance 5.Creates Specialized Learning Materials 6.Applies Technology to Teaching 7.Enhances Professional Practice The 21 st Century Professor

What is STUDENT ENGAGEMENT? What is Student Engagement ? – Frequency with which students participate in activities that represent effective educational practices

Active Learning Teacher Goals Teachers establish learning goals. Learning Environment Teachers minimize features that dispose students towards work- avoidance. Students Actions Students focus their energies toward learning without distraction or resentment.

Accustomed and resigned to academic failure Respond to tasks with indifference and even antagonism Not dissatisfied with failure Avoid most challenging and even moderate tasks Failure Accepters Suffer anxiety because they are not always successful Feel that if they fail, they prove to themselves and others that they can’t succeed Avoid most challenging tasks Avoid some moderate tasks Failure Avoiders Successful students who take on challenging tasks Anxious about grades and performance Avoid some challenging tasks Overstrivers Serious learners who want to perform well and usually do Predisposed toward engagement Success Oriented Student Patterns of Engagement

When Should We Use Engagement Strategies? Beginning of class – to access prior learning and prepare students for today’s learning Throughout class – To check for understanding End of class – To check for understanding and promote reflection on what was learned

What Strategies Can We use to Engage Students? Guided Notes and Supporting Documents – Promote engagement in lecture

Guided Notes Example Teachers provides guided notes and supporting documents that students complete or otherwise use during the lecture – Guided Notes (information is incomplete) Usually provide an outline of main points of a lecture with spaces for students to add notes 50% of information is provided by instructor/50% of information is added by students Could also include question sets or partially completed tables and graphic organizers – Supporting Documents (information is complete) Fully completed tables, diagrams, maps, images, or graphic organizers Problem solution sets Guided notes decrease chance that students miss important information or record false information, lead to higher scores on assessments, clarify organization of lecture, and teach students to take better notes.

What Strategies Can We use to Engage Students? QuickWrites – Identify what was learned – Identify questions that remain Small Group Discussion – Promote consideration of critical thinking – Great for case studies – Address misconceptions

QuickWrite Example Autobiographical Reflections Students complete a QuickWrite in response to a prompt that asks them to reflect upon their personal history in relation or the course or topic. During lecture, students to analyze their reflection based on theoretical concepts. The analyzed reflection may then be submitted, or revised into an essay, or shared in small groups for further discussion.

Management Style QuickWrite How would you describe your management style? On your paper, describe your management style in one paragraph. In small groups, share what you wrote about your management style. As a group, decide which style fits you best: Autocratic Paternalistic Democratic

Small Group Discussion Example Think Again with Misconceptions Teacher presents a common misconception in the discipline and takes a quick poll asking students to agree or disagree with the statement. The teacher then tells students that the statement is untrue and assigns them a task that requires them to provide why it is untrue. This task challenges students by creating cognitive dissonance and challenging them to subject their belief to critical analysis.

Business Law (Tax Returns) Misconception Discussion Consider this statement: If you are a business owner, it is good to become incorporated because being incorporated enables you to take more deductions. Is this statement TRUE or FALSE? FALSE! In a small group of 2-3 classmates, discuss why this statement is not true. Be ready to share your opinions.

What Strategies Can We use to Engage Students? Survey – Determine what students know or have experienced – May be a quick class question, a phone poll, or more extensive survey – May be self-assessment – May be whole-class brainstorming

Engagement Strategies Self-Assessment Assess yourself on these skills by ranking your abilities: SkillYour Ranking You do this well You would like to do this better You don’t care about this 1. You use a variety of activities in your teaching to engage students. 2. You often use multimedia during your lectures. 3. You often share valuable Web resources to engage your students.

Questionnaire Example Background Knowledge Probe Develop short, simple, focused questionnaire that students complete at beginning of a course, at start of new unit, or prior to introducing new topic. Help teachers identify best starting point, identify underprepared and well-prepared students. Help students access prior knowledge.

What Strategies Can We use to Engage Students? Use of Multimedia – May be followed with whole-class or small group discussion Use of Digital Interactives and Websites – Lemonade Stand ( games.com/lemonade/) Lemonade Standwww.coolmath- games.com/lemonade/ – Doing Business ( Doing Businesshttp://doingbusiness.org/ Use of Games and Flashcards

Multimedia Example Text/Video/Image Analysis Students listen to a text passage, video clip, or image. – Accounting Videos: CPA Profile (Ernie Almonte) Accounting VideosCPA Profile (Ernie Almonte) – Standard Economic Model of Copyright Standard Economic Model of Copyright Individually or in small groups, students respond to a prompt or summarize what they saw. During lecture, student groups analyze the item based on new theoretical concepts.

Standard Economic Model of Copyright Use the image to explain why this statement is FALSE: The author’s average costs of production (AC) increases with each additional copy she produces.

Games Example Students play a game to practice learning. – Quizlet (quizlet.com) Communication Flashcards Business Management Final Review Accounting Basics – Jeopardy Introduction to Business Jeopardy Jeopardy Tools