FOCUS/REVIEW What are some general American values? Why might a society’s values change over time?

Section 1: The American Value System CHAPTER 3 Cultural Conformity and Adaptation Section 1: The American Value System Section 2: Social Control Section 3: Social Change

The American Value System Chapter 3: Section 1 The American Value System

What basic values form the foundation of American culture? SECTION 1 The American Value System Question: What basic values form the foundation of American culture?

Traditional American Values SECTION 1 The American Value System Traditional American Values  personal achievement  individualism  work  morality and humanitarianism  efficiency and practicality progress and material comfort  equality and democracy

Personal Achievement: Can be measured in Power and Wealth.

Individualism Success comes from hard work and initiative.

Work Discipline, dedication, and work as signs of virtue.

Morality and Humanitarianism: Place a high value on morality and tend to view the world in terms of right or wrong.

Efficiency and Practicality: Americans believe that every problem has a solution. Americans judge people on their ability to get things done.

Progress and Material Comfort: Believe through hard work, living standard will improve. Believe science and technology will make a world a more comfortable place.

Equality and Democracy: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.” Believe there must be equality of opportunity to have equal chance at success. All Americans have the right to express their opinions.

Freedom Freedom of religion, speech, and press. U.S. Constitution

Other Core Values: Hmmm…what do you think???

Other Core Values: Nationalism Patriotism Science Rationality Racial & group superiority Education Religious values Romantic love

Our Changing Values: Some values change and others emerge EX: Leisure, physical fitness, youthfulness

Self-fulfillment: Commitment to the full development of one’s personality, talents, and potential. “Be all you can be”

Self-Help Books Dr. Phil

What do you think about Dr. Phil’s Ideas??? Do you feel motivated??? What age group do you think he portrays his ideas to?

Can Self-fulfillment lead to a personality disorder???? Hmmmmmm……

Narcissism: Extreme self-centeredness!!!

A Recent American Value: Concern for the environment

Let’s Go Over Homework Pg. 48 (#5)

Focus/Review List ways that Charlotte has changed over the past 10 years.

Connection to… Social change What are some possible reasons for social change? Social change is the way a culture changes over time

Please sit in correct seat before you begin to work on collages!! I will allow 15 minutes to complete collages. REMEMBER: Do not express your American value UNTIL the class can interpret your collage!

Collage Time!! Each group will illustrate either a traditional American value or an American value that has become a part of our society in the past 20 years. Directions: Find pictures in a magazine that relate to your particular value. Make sure that your entire piece of paper is covered with examples of your value. Be able to explain the significance of EACH picture to your class. You will present TODAY!! (Homework grade)

Homework Write/Type an essay describing how you think American values will change in the span of your lifetime. Requirements: Introduction: 3-5 sentences introducing idea Body: 10-15 sentences describing views. Conclusion: 3-5 sentences summarizing ideas

Chapter 3: Section 2 Social Control

Objectives: How are the norms of society enforced? 2. What are the differences between positive and negative sanctions and between formal and informal sanctions?

Internalization of Norms: Internalization: the process by which a norm becomes a part of an individuals personality, thus conditioning that individual to conform to society’s expectations. EX: Stopping at a red light

Sanctions: Positive Sanctions Negative Sanctions Formal Sanctions Informal Sanctions What is a sanction???: Rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms

Sanctions: Positive Sanctions: An action that rewards a particular kind of behavior. EX: Parents praising their children for good behavior. EX: Ribbons, badges, and awards are used to reward and encourage conformity to society’s norms.

Negative Sanctions: Negative Sanctions: A punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity. EX: Frown, ridicule, and rejection, fines, imprisonment, and even death!!! The more important the norm is to social stability, the more serious the negative sanction.

Formal Sanctions: Formal Sanction: A reward or punishment given by a formal organization or regulatory agency, such as a school, business, or government. Two types: Negative formal sanction Positive formal sanction

Negative Formal Sanctions: Low grades Suspension from school Termination from job Fines Imprisonment

Positive Formal Sanctions: Graduation certificates Pay raises Promotions Awards Medals

Informal Sanctions: Informal Sanction: A spontaneous expression of approval or disapproval given by an individual or a group. Two types: Negative informal sanction Positive informal sanction

Negative Informal Sanction: Frowns Gossip Insults Ridicule

Informal Sanctions: Especially important to teenagers!!!! Group acceptance is VERY important!!

SECTION 2 Social Control Question: How are the norms of society enforced, and what are the four types of sanctions?

Need a summary of what we just covered????

Social Control SECTION 2 ENFORCEMENT OF SOCIAL NORMS Internalization: Sanctions: rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms how a norm becomes part of a person’s personality, thus conditioning the person to conform to society’s expectations Positive: Negative: Formal: Informal: action that rewards a particular kind of behavior punishment or the threat of punishment to enforce conformity reward or punish-ment by a formal organization or regulatory agency, such as the government spontaneous expression of approval or disapproval by an individual or group

Social Control: Social Control: The enforcing of norms through either internal or external means. Self-Control!! (Internal)

Social Control: External enforcement: Authority figures Police Court Religion Family Public opion

Social Control: No society can survive for long without an effective system of social control!!

Gallery Walk What might you experience in a normal day that would exemplify: An informal positive sanction A formal negative sanction An informal negative sanction A formal positive sanction An internalized norm

Chapter 3: Section 3 Social Change

What are the main sources of social change? SECTION 3 Social Change Question: What are the main sources of social change?

Sources of Social Change Values and beliefs Technology Population Diffusion The Physical Environment Wars and Conquests

Values and Beliefs Ideology: Social movement: A system of beliefs or ideas that justifies the social, moral, religious, political, or economic interests held by a group or by society. Social movement: A long-term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change. EX: Civil rights movement

Civil Rights Movement: African Americans were forced to live as 2nd-class citizens. ** Limited on education, voting rights, sitting on buses, etc…. ** Boycotts, marches, and demonstrations resulted in order to receive the freedom that African Americans deserved!!

Changes Occurred: Voting Rights Act of 1965: Outlawed the various methods that had been used to deny African Americans the right to vote.

4 Little Girls The story of four young girls who paid the price for a nation’s ignorance http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3302971953362876297

Throughout Viewing Video… Write 8-10 interesting facts/concepts that relate to Chapter 3- Cultural conformity and adaptation. List specific evidences from the video regarding values, norms, sanctions, and social change.

Homework Write a short paragraph (10-15 sentences) explaining the civil rights social movement. What detrimental events occurred during this time? Do you believe this level of prejudice and discrimination is evident in today’s society??? Why/why not? What steps have Americans taken in order to prevent these horrific events from happening again? What social changes have taken place and why Will complete some of video. This assignment is due at the beginning of class tomorrow.

Daily Opener #8 How has the computer brought social changes to your life???? Explain at least 3 reasons!!

Sources of Social Change Values and beliefs Technology Population Diffusion The Physical Environment Wars and Conquests

Technology: Technology: The knowledge and tools that people use to manipulate their environment. 2 ways technologies arise: Discovery Invention

Discovery: When people recognize new uses for existing elements in the world or begin to understand them in new ways. EX: Chewing gum Hmmmmm…. what about the history of gum???

Invention: When people use existing knowledge to create something that did not previously exist. Material inventions: Computers Nonmaterial inventions: New hobbies

Population: Change in size of population can cause changes in culture! Change created by simply moving from one place to another. Changes in age of population: If fewer babies, then less need for schools, etc….

Diffusion: Diffusion: The process of spreading culture traits from one society to another. With Internet and technology, diffusion takes place constantly!!

Diffusion: Societies adopt material culture and technology more freely than ideas and beliefs. Reformulation: The process of adapting borrowed cultural traits. EX: accepting new tools/technologies.

Diffusion: Two-way process: We eat a variety of foods from different countries. Other countries have American movies, fast foods, soft drinks, etc….

Sesame Street: Did You Know…???

Turn to page 59 The 100-Percent American??? Based on this essay, what can you conclude about the extent of cultural diffusion that has taken place in the United States?

The Physical Environment: The introduction of new foods or the scarcity of a familiar food can bring about cultural change.

The Physical Environment: Natural disasters such as droughts, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, and tidal waves can also produce social and cultural change. Eventually, new construction methods will develop.

December 28, 2004 (Sri Lanka Resort) (Reminder: Turn volume OFF!!)

Wars and Conquests: Brings greatest change in least amount of time. War causes changes in the economy as industry focuses on producing war materials rather than consumer goods. EX: September 11, 2001 (Military supplies & service due to terrorism)

Hmmmmmm…How much do you remember???

Social Change SECTION 3 Source of Social Change Example Social Consequence values and beliefs technology population diffusion physical environment wars and conquests

Why do people resist cultural change???? Ethnocentrism Cultural Lag Vested Interests

Ethnocentrism: Tendency to view one’s own culture or group as superior to others.

Cultural Lag: Cultural Lag: Situation in which some aspects of the culture change less rapidly, or lag behind, other aspects of the same culture. EX: Because of costs and other factors, some school districts have yet to place new technology into classrooms.

Vested Interests: People may resist change that threatens their security or standard of living. EX: Workers may oppose technology because they fear it may replace them.

Please do the following NOW!! Midterms signed??? Detentions???? Place homework on your desk!!! Pg. 62 Understanding Main Ideas: #1-8 Thinking Critically: #1-5

Game Plan for Today & Tomorrow!! Tuesday: Receive Study Guide/Notebook Rubrics Review for Chapter 3 Quiz!! BINGO (if time permits) Wednesday: Quiz/Notebook Checks Begin Chapter 4 (if time permits)

Go over Homework Study guide/Notebook Checks

Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER 3 1. What are the core American values outlined by Robin M. Williams and James M. Henslin? 2. What new American values have emerged in recent years? 3. Identify the two methods through which society enforces norms. 4. Explain the difference between positive sanctions and negative sanctions by giving an example of each. 5. What role do government policies play in enforcing cultural values and social norms? 6. How are the civil rights movement and the women’s rights movement examples of social change? 7. How has cultural diffusion changed eating habits in the United States? 8. For what reasons do people resist change?

Explanation of Group Activities!! Let’s Begin to Review!!! Explanation of Group Activities!!

Please do the following NOW!! Place notebook checks on red chair (paper clips provided) Begin to review for Chapter 3 Quiz!

Please do the following AFTER quiz!! Pg. 68 (#1-4) Will check tomorrow for homework!