TOPIC: Chapter 2, Section 2 The Quran and Islamic Empire

Sub topic #1 (left side of paper) What is the Quran (Koran)? Notes (right side of paper) The Quran is the holy book of the religion of Islam Muhammad’s followers wrote down the messages he received from Allah the Islamic god. They believe the Quran is god’s written word

Sub topic #2 (left side of paper) What does the Quran say? Notes (right side of paper) Islam has only one god, Allah It instructs people how to live Muslims should: -be honest -treat others fairly -honor their parents -give to the poor -fulfill the Five Pillars of Faith

Sub topic #2 (left side of paper) What does the Quran say? Notes (right side of paper) 1. Belief 2. Prayer 3. Charity 4. Fasting 5. Pilgrimage Muslims cannot: murder, lie, steal, drink alcohol, eat pork, or gamble

The first 4 caliphs after Muhammad were related to him Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups? Notes (right side of paper) When Muhammad died a new leader was chosen. This person is called a caliph: leader of the Islamic Empire The first 4 caliphs after Muhammad were related to him The Umayyad caliphs came after the first four.

The Umayyad caliphs helped to make the empire larger Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups? Notes (right side of paper) The Umayyad caliphs helped to make the empire larger Their capital city was Damascus, Syria The Islamic state became a great empire

The Abbasids came after the Umayyads Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups? Notes (right side of paper) The Abbasids came after the Umayyads They built a new capital in Baghdad They were focused on the arts, trade and education

Muslims argued about who should be a caliph Two groups emerged Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups? Notes (right side of paper) Muslims argued about who should be a caliph Two groups emerged -Shiites: believe caliphs should be related to Muhammad -Sunnis: believe anyone could be caliph

The Seljuk Turks-(warriors and nomads) took over the empire Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups? Notes (right side of paper) The Seljuk Turks-(warriors and nomads) took over the empire They called their leader a sultan When Mongols (attackers from the East) burned the city down, the Islamic Empire ended.

The language of Arabic spread all over the empire Sub topic #4 (left side of paper) How did the Islamic Empire Expand over time? Notes (right side of paper) Muslims thought that fighting in the name of Islam would send them to paradise The language of Arabic spread all over the empire Sufis spent their time teaching others about Islam

Merchants spread Islam to the places they traveled, such as Indonesia. Sub topic #4 (left side of paper) How did Islamic Empire expand over time? Notes (right side of paper) Merchants spread Islam to the places they traveled, such as Indonesia. The African city of Timbuktu had many Muslims after merchants came there. Muslims also spread to Spain. Islam’s great philosophers came from there