1. Chapter 11 NOTES

2. Fold a sheet of paper in quarters
Fold a sheet of paper in quarters. Label each quarter with the following headings: 1. Muhammad’s Teachings 2. Muhammad’s Government 3. Islam’s Teachings 4. The Quran Come up with 5-8 facts for each section based on textbook pages

3. TOPICS Pg. 374 Islam's Teachings Monotheistic
Muhammad's
Message
Born in Mecca, Orphan, raised by an uncle
Married w/children
wants people to return to old ways (honor family, be fair, help poor)
610D visited by angel, tells him to spread Islam “surrendering to the will of Allah”
Worship only Allah
Wants a just society, wealth not a important as leading a good life, God will reward/punish on Day of Judgment
Muhammad's
Government
Moves to Yathrib because rejected in Mecca
Hijrah = “breaking off relationships. journey to Yathrib
Renamed Yathrib Medinah “city of the prophet”
Created Islamic state with Muhammad as leader
Used government to uphold teachings of Islam
Settled disputes with Islamic law
Required people to be loyal to islamic state above tribes/sheiks
Built army and conquered Mecca in 630AD
Dies two years later
Islam's
Teachings
Monotheistic
God determines right and wrong
Obey God’s laws to be blessed in afterlife
Prophets: Abraham, Moses, Jesus
Muhammad is prophet, not divine
Quran
Messages Muhammad received from Allah
Allah’s written word, to be followed
Be honest, treat others fairly, honor parents, give to poor
Murder, lying, stealing forbidden
Don’t eat pork, drink liquor, gamble
Rules about family life, property, divorce, marriage, business
5 Pillars: Belief, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, Pilgrimage
Sunna are customs based on Muhammad’s teachings

4. Muhammed
Born in Mecca, Orphan, raised by an uncle
Married w/children
wants people to honor family, be fair, help poor
610D visited by angel - told him to spread Islam
Islam means “surrendering to the will of Allah”
Wanted a just society
wealth not a important as leading a good life
God will reward/punish on Day of Judgment

5. Islam's Teachings A. Monotheistic B. God determines right and wrong C
Islam's Teachings A. Monotheistic B. God determines right and wrong C. Obey God’s laws = blessed in afterlife D. Prophets: Abraham, Moses, Jesus E. Muhammad is prophet, not divine

6. Quran A. Messages Muhammad received from Allah B
Quran A. Messages Muhammad received from Allah B. Allah’s written word, to be followed 1. Be honest, treat others fairly, honor parents, give to poor 2. Murder, lying, stealing forbidden 3. Don’t eat pork, drink liquor, gamble 4. Rules about family life, property, divorce, marriage, business C. 5 Pillars: Belief, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, Pilgrimage D. Sunna are customs based on Muhammad’s teachings

7. I. Muhammad's Government A. Moves to Yathrib because rejected in Mecca 1. Hijrah = “breaking off relationships. journey to Yathrib 2. Renamed Yathrib Medinah “city of the prophet” 3. Created Islamic state with Muhammad as leader 4 Used government to uphold teachings of Islam B. Settled disputes with Islamic law C. Required people to be loyal to Islamic state above tribes/sheiks D. Built army and conquered Mecca in 630AD E. Dies two years later

8. Arabian Peninsula

9. Spread of Islam in N. Africa

11. The Spread of Islam
Caliphs – Muhammad’s successors. “Messenger of God”
Rightly Guided Caliphs –simple living, treat others fairly.
Arab Empire expands to include all of SW Asia
Umayyad Caliphs (661AD – 750AD)
Moved capital to Damascus, Syria
Expansion of empire: N. Africa, Spain, parts of India

12. Spread of Islam 2 II. Conquered Territory
A. Arabs horse soldiers & swordsmen
B. Martyrs go to paradise
C. Religious freedom in conquered territories
1. Jews & Christians = “People of the Book”
2. Non-muslims paid special tax
D. conquered territories convert to Islam
1. Arabic means language, not Arabian.

13. Spread of Islam 3 III. Preaching & trade
A. Sufis – Islamic missionaries/monks won many followers
B. Arab merchants
1. trading posts in SE Asia & taught Islam
aa. Example: Indonesia
2. THROUGH TRADE Timbuktu (W Africa) becomes Islamic center of learning

14. Islam Splits Shiites –Muhammad’s son-in-law, Ali should succeed him.
Umayyad Caliphs have no right to rule
Sunni – follow Umayyad dynasty
Outnumber Shiites
2 groups develop different practices

15. Collapse of Arabian/Muslim Empire
Moguls – Warriors from N. India conquer Arabs
Ottomans – Ruled by Ossman
built Ottoman-Turk Empire in 1200s
Defeat Byzantines and conquer Asia Minor (Turkey), Syria, Egypt, Palestine, Mesopotamia

16. Muslim Achievements
Caliph Mamun – founded center for learning – House of Wisdom in Baghdad.
Adopted 0-9 from Hindus “Arabic numerals”
Chemist al Razi – invented “20 questions” - classifications: animal, vegetable, or mineral
Doctor Ibn Sina showed how disease spreads from person to person.