1. Judaism, Islam, Christianity, and the Crusades
Unit 7 Vocab
Judaism, Islam, Christianity, and the Crusades

2. Islam Religion started by the prophet Muhammad
Claimed the angel Gabriel delivered a new message to him. He preached this message of “submission to god” = Islam
Teachings recorded in the Qur’an (Islam’s holy book)
Practice centers around the 5 Pillars of Islam:
Belief
Worship
Fasting
Alms (giving to the poor)
Pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca

3. Islamic Empire
The forces of the prophet Muhammad spread from the city of Medina to conquer the holy city of Mecca in 630 AD.
Muslims (people who follow Islam) spread their power and trade rapidly through the Middle East, North Africa, Southern Europe, and Western Asia.
Trade routes resulted in the growth of business and the spread of the teachings of Islam

4. Islamic Terms
Allah = The God of Islam
Muhammad = The last and greatest prophet of Islam
Muslim = A person who believes in Allah and follows the teaching of Islam
Hadith = teachings about the life of Muhammad
Caliph = The title of the leaders who came after Muhammad

5. Sunni The larger of the two branches of Islam
About 85% of Muslims
They believe that the prophet Muhammad should have been replaced Abu Bakr (a friend of Muhammad)
Believe the Hadith is valid from many sources

6. Shia The smaller of the two branches of Islam
About 15% of Muslims
They believe that the prophet Muhammad should have been replaced by Ali (a relative of Muhammad)
Believe the Hadith is valid only as written by the Caliph Ali or his very close followers