Chapter 4 Verbs

Part 1

Verb  A word used to express an action, condition, or a state of being.

Action Verb  Tells what the subject does. This can be physical or mental.

Linking Verb  Links the subject to a word in the predicate.

Linking Verb is, am, are, was, were, been, being, appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, taste

Helping Verb  Helps the main verb express the degree of meaning.

Helping Verb be, am, is, are, was, were, been, being, do, does, did, have, has, had, could, should, would, may, might, must, can, shall, will

Verb Phrase  Helping verb and main verb.

1. Antz is an example of feature-length animation. a. action verb b. linking verb c. helping verb d. verb phrase B

2. The filmmakers will create the graphics on computers. a. action verb b. linking verb c. helping verb d. verb phrase D

3. Real ants are nothing like the ones in the film. a. action verb b. linking verb c. helping verb d. verb phrase C

4. The filmmakers created the graphics on computers. a. action verb b. linking verb c. helping verb d. verb phrase A

5. In the movie, a worker ant falls in love with a princess ant. a. action verb b. linking verb c. helping verb d. verb phrase A

6. The worker and the princess will escape to the outside world. a. action verb b. linking verb c. helping verb d. verb phrase D

Direct Object  A noun or pronoun that names the receiver of the action. Answers “what” or “whom”.

Indirect Object  Tells to what or whom or for what or whom an action is done.

Transitive Verbs  An action verb that has a direct object.

Intransitive Verb  An action verb that does not have a direct object.

Subject Complement  a word that a linking verb connects its subject to

Predicate Noun  A noun that follows a linking verb and identifies, renames, or defines the subject.

Predicate Adjective  Follows a linking verb and modifies (describes) the subject.

1. Steven Spielberg has given us many hit movies. a. direct object b. indirect object c. predicate noun d. predicate adjective B

2. Spielberg made his first film at age 12. a. direct object b. indirect object c. predicate noun d. predicate adjective A

3.He staged the wreck of two toy trains. a. direct object b. indirect object c. predicate noun d. predicate adjective A

4. The job title “continuity clerk” may seem unimpressive. a. direct object b. indirect object c. predicate noun d. predicate adjective D

5. But a continuity clerk is an important person on a movie set. a. direct object b. indirect object c. predicate noun d. predicate adjective C

6. The continuity clerk’s tasks are very tedious. a. direct object b. indirect object c. predicate noun d. predicate adjective D

Lie  To rest in a flat position

Lay  To put or place

Sit  To be seated

Set  To put or place

Rise  To move upward, to get out of bed

Raise  To lift, to care for, to bring up

May  To be allowed to

Can  To be able to

1. Do the most talented artists (raise/rise) to the top? rise

2. In Hollywood, they (may not/cannot). cannot

3. Most studio heads don’t want to (sit/set) down with anyone who hasn’t made a successful commercial movie. sit

4. But film festivals give young filmmakers a chance to (lie/lay) their reputations on the line. lay

5. They (raise/rise) the hopes of artists who might not otherwise have a chance. raise

6. They (sit/set) their sights on quality instead of money. set

7. Winning at a festival can help a filmmaker (raise/rise) money for distributing his or her film. raise

8. Success (lies/lays) ahead for some of these artists. lays

9. They (sit/set) a festival’s tone with movies about important themes. set

10. Festival participation might not help, but it (may not, cannot) hurt. may not

The End of Part 1

Part 2

Simple Tenses

Present  Shows that an action or condition happens now.

Past  Shows that an action or condition was completed in the past.

Future  Shows that an action or condition will happen.

TenseSingularPlural PresentI aid/ you aid/ he, she, it aids We aid/ you aid/ they aid PastI aided/ you aided/ he, she, it aided We aided/ you aided/ they aided FutureI will aid/ you will aid/ he, she, it will aid We will aid/ you will aid/ they will aid

1. The sun rose. past

2. The sun warms the earth. present

3. The warm night air will dry the puddles. future

4. Jim Smith watched his first movie at the age of seven. past

5. Smith lives in a remote corner of Wales. present

6. He says he will always live there. future

Progressive Tenses

TenseHelping Verbs Ending PresentAm, Is, Are-ing PastWas, Were-ing FutureWill be-ing

1. The sun is chasing the clouds away. present progressive

2. It will be snowing before long. future progressive

3. Last month, snow was falling every day. past progressive

4. Randall was viewing the sun set. past progressive

5. He will be watching the clouds turn varied colors. future progressive

6. We are still enjoying the snow. present progressive

Perfect Tenses

TenseHelping Verbs Ending PresentHas, Have-ed PastHad-ed FutureWill have-ed

1. I have walked every day for a month. present perfect

2. The window had cracked before the storm. past perfect

3. The ice will have melted before the weekend. future perfect

4. Audiences have watched movies for more than a century. present perfect

5. In twenty years, movies will have lost none of their appeal. future perfect

6. Before 1900, movies had lasted only a minute or two. past perfect

The End