Solubility Def.: the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent AT a specified temperature and pressure. (expressed in g solute/100 g solvent) Example: g sugar/100 g water What happens to the excess solute if you add more than the maximum? Table 15-2, p457

Solubility, continued…. Solubility at the particle level: – As more solute particles are added to the solvent, there are fewer solvent particles to surround the added solute particles. – As the solute particles move around, some will bump into the undissolved particles and will be “attracted” back to join the solid crystal solute particles.

Solubility, continued…. Define: 1.Saturated solution 2.Supersaturated solution Factors that affect solubility: 1.Pressure --- only affects solubility of gaseous solutes and gaseous solutions 2.Temperature --- HOW???

Solubility, continued…. Supersaturated solutions (solns) are formed when a solution is saturated at a higher temperature, and then cooled. PfCw&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mo de=1 PfCw&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mo de=1 Real-world use: Rock candy

Solubility, continued…. The solubility of a gas in any solvent increases as its external pressure (the pressure above the solution) increases. (Think carbonated sodas!) Henry’s Law: At a given temperature, the solubility (S) of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure (P) of the gas above the liquid. How would you write Henry’s Law in an equation?

Assignment Practice Problems: p.461 (1-2) Section Assessment: p.461 (7)