Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine.

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Presentation transcript:

Sensing and Responding to the Environment

CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine an appropriate response.

CB 48.4 Neurons: cells specialized for transmitting signals

CB Neurons are commonly connected to many other neurons, and the effect of the different incoming signals determines what the neuron will do.

The brain and the central nervous system integrate the various incoming signals CB 49.4

Different regions of the cerebral cortex integrate different inputs/outputs CB 49.15

CB Visualizing the specialization of brain regions

Some body parts have more sensory input/ motor control CB 49.16

CB 48.3 Some responses are to subtle stimuli

Circadian Rhythms: daily patterns set by light (northern flying squirrel)

Today’s video about different human reactions to cool:

"The Role of Dreams in the Evolution of the Human Mind" by Michael Franklin and Michael Zyphur in Evolutionary Psychology : nature.com/ep/articles/ep html

Why do we dream? Random Neural Activity or Rehearsal

Why do we dream? Dreams are difficult to study because of their subjectivity Some are rational while others are non-sensical Is there an evolutionary explanation? Were/are individuals that dream better at passing on genes?

Why do we dream? Is there an evolutionary explanation? Most common in REM

Why do we dream? Rehearsal, conscious practice activates and exercises connections. What about unconscious practice?

Why do we dream? Common dream subjects are threats and social interactions. There is some randomness – randomness gives broad variability of dreams and generates new situations

Why do we dream? Dreams as rehearsal for threats, social situations, etc. Practice, conscious and unconscious, can improve performance, so might give evolutionary advantage.

Fig 46.1 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine an appropriate response. Response Responses can be release of hormones, change in cell activity, or muscle contraction

Sensing and Responding to the Environment