Social Context and Socioemotional Development Pertemuan 6 Matakuliah : E1122 - Psikologi Pendidikan Tahun : 2010 Social Context and Socioemotional Development Pertemuan 6

Social Context of Development In Bronfenbrenner’s theory, the social contexts in which children live are important influences on their development. Three of the context in which children spend much of their time : Family Peer School Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; Family Parenting style, Authoritarian parenting; A restrictive and punitive parenting style in which there is little verbal exchange between parents and children; associated with children’s social incompetence Authoritative parenting; A positive parenting style that encourages children to be independent but still places limits and controls on their action; extensive verbal give-and-take is allowed; associated with children’s social compentence. Neglectful parenting; A parenting style of uninvolvement in which parents spend little time with their children; associated with children’s social incompetence. Indulgent parenting; A parenting style of involvement but few limits or restrictions on children’s behavior; linked with children’s social incompetence Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; Family The changing family in a changing society, Children of divorce; the effects of divorce on children are complex, depending on such factors as the child’s age, the child’s strengths and weaknesses at the time of the divorce, the type of custody, socioeconomic status, and postdivorce family functioning. Maggie is a 10 year-old fifth grader who had been a happy child and had done well in school, but all of that changed when her parents recently separated. Her father moved out and Maggie’s mother became depressed. Maggie began to not show up for school. Now although she is at school regularly, she has trouble concentrating on her schoolwork. Ethnic and socioeconomic variations in families Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; Family School –Family linkages, Family management; research have found that family management practices are positively related to students’ grades and self responsibility, and negatively to school related problem. Parental involvement and school-family-community connections; in one survey , teacher listed parental involvement as the number one priority in improving education Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; Family Out-of-school care, In addition to actively participating in their children’s schooling, children benefit when parent arrange and monitor out of school care. The increase in single-parent families and families in which both parents work outside the home has made out of school child care a more important aspect of children’s development Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; Peer Peer statuses, Five types of peer statuses; Popular children Average children Neglected children Rejected children Controversial children Friendship, The benefit of friendship; - companionship, - phisical support, - ego support, - intimacy/affection Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; Peer Developmental changes in peer relations During the elementary school years, children’s peer groups increasingly consist of same-sex peers in adolescence, participation in mixed-sex groups increases. Also in adolescence, many students become members of crowds, and allegiace to the crowd can exert a powerful influence over their lives. group identity with the crowd can override the adolescent’s personal identity. Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; School In school, children spend many years as member of small society that exert a tremendous influence on their socioemotional development School’s changing social developmental contexts, social context vary through the early childhood, elementary school, and adolescent years Early childhood education, Developmentally appropriate education Controversy in early childhood education Early childhood education for children from low-income families Bina Nusantara University

Social Context of Development; School The transition to elementary school As children make teh transition to elementary school, they interact and develop relationships with new and significant others. The schooling of Adolescents The transition to middle or junior high school Effective school for young adolescents Improving high school Bina Nusantara University

Socioemotional Development The self Morel Development Bina Nusantara University

Socioemotional Development; The self Self esteem Also called self-image and self-worth, the individual’s overall conception of himself or herself. Identity development Identity statuses Identity diffusion Identity foreclosure Identity moratorium Ethnic identity Bina Nusantara University

Socioemotional Development; Moral Development Domain of moral development Cognitive, behavioral, and emotional Piaget’s theory Heteronomous morality Autonomous morality Kohlberg’s theory Preconventional reasoning Conventional reasoning Postconventional reasoning Bina Nusantara University

Socioemotional Development; Moral Development Moral personality Moral identity Moral character Moral exemplars Moral education The hidden curriculum Character education Values clarification Cognitive moral education Service learning; a form of aducation that promotes social responsibility and service to the community Bina Nusantara University