1. Motivation, Teaching, and Learning Pertemuan 11 Matakuliah: E1122 - Psikologi Pendidikan Tahun: 2010

2. Motivation, Relationships, and Sociocultural Context Social Motives; need and desires that are learned through experiences with the social world Both teacher approval dan peer approval are important social motives or most students. In the elementary school years, students are motivated to please their parents more than their peer. Bina Nusantara University 2

3. Social Relationships Parents ; parents with more education are more likely than less educated parents to believe that their involvement in their child’s education is important. Peers; peers can effect a student’s motivation through social comparison, social competence and motivation, peer co-learning, and peer-group infulences Teachers; many children who do not do well in school consistently have negative interactions with their teachers Teachers and Parents; when teachers systematically and frequently inform parents of their children’s progress and get involved in their children’s learning, children often reach higher levels of academic achievement Bina Nusantara University 3

4. Sociocultural Context Socioeconomic status and Ethnicity; Achievement differences are more closely related to socioeconomic status than to ethnicity. Many studies have found that socioeconomic status predicts achievement better than ethnicity Gender; males and females differ in their beliefs and values. ex; boys have higher competence beliefs than girls for math and sports, and girls have higher compentence belief for english, reading,, and social activities Bina Nusantara University 4

5. Student who are low Achieving and have low Expectation for success The student who are low achieving and have low expectation for success need to be consistently reassured that they can meet the goals and challenges you have set for them and that you will give them the help and support they need to succeed. Failure syndrome; having low expectation for success and giving up at the first sign of difficulty Bina Nusantara University 5

6. Student who Protect Their Self-Worth by Avoiding Failure Nonperformance; the most obvious strategy for avoiding failure is to not try Procrastination; individual who postpone studying for a test untill the last minute can blame failure on poor time management, thus deflecting attention away from the possibility that they are incompetent. Setting unreachable goals; by setting goals so high that success is virtually impossible, individuals can avoid the implication that they are incompetent. Bina Nusantara University 6

7. Why do Students Procrastinate? Poor time management Difficulty concentrating Fear and anxiety Negative beliefs Personal problems Boredom Unrealistic expectations and perfectionism Fear of failure Bina Nusantara University 7

8. Students who are Perfectionists Perfectionism is sometimes the underlying reason for procastinating. Perfectionsts think that mistakes are never acceptable, that the highest standards of performance always have to be achieved Perfectionists are vulnerable to decreased productivity, impaired health, relationship problems, and low self- esteem Bina Nusantara University 8

9. Students whit high anxiety Anxiety is a vague, unpleasant feeling of fear and apprehension. It is normal for students to be concerned or worried when they face school challenges. Many successful students have moderate levels of anxiety However some students have high level of anxiety and worry constantly, which can significantly impair their ability to achieve. Bina Nusantara University 9

10. Students who are uninterested or alienated Brophy argues that the most difficult motivation problem involves students who are apathetic, uninterested in learning, or alienated from school learning. Achieving in school is not an important value for them To reach apathetic students requires sustained efforts to resocialize their attitudes toward school achievement Bina Nusantara University 10