The Single Window concept: A key insrument for trade facilitation and good governance Mario Apostolov, Regional Adviserq UNECE Trade Seminar on Trade Facilitation and the Single Window Odessa, 1 June 2011

PROBLEM:. A foreign trade operation requires filing appr. 40 documents with often repeated data => Simplification and reduction of procedures and documents is necessary ▼ The Single Window (SW) is a system that allows all participants in foreign trade to file all required information simultaneously, in one place, in standard form and to one agency.

General model of the Single Window Traders and control agencies may be in different physical locations, but information flows among them are interconnected

Benefits from the Single Window 1.For government agencies – instrument of good governance  efficient distribution of resources  better collection of duties and fees  more compliance by business  more security (based on better risk analysis)  less corruption 2.For business – more efficiency  lower cost because of saving time for document preparation  faster release of goods  predictable and efficient description and implementation of rules  more transparency Organizational and political instrument

FROMTO Mountains of paper 30% mistakes Weeks for clearance Customs, export, import, etc. processes together Many documents filed together Appr. 1 hour for clearance Rec. 33: The Single Window Concept PORT AUTHORITY CUSTOMS CONSIGNOR PORT HEALTH CARRIER HAULIERWHARFINGER CUSTOMS BROKER LINE AGENT CONSIGNEE Single Window

IMO/FAL data Certificates Customs data Railway data Road transport data

Vessel/Voyage processing Imports Exports Customs Declarations ICD/ERTS Transshipments Road/Rail Transportation Dangerous Goods Maritime Statistics Functionality of a $ Port Community System

B 2 GB 2 G Flows of trade information

B 2 GB 2 G G 2 GG 2 G

B 2 GB 2 G G 2 GG 2 G

B 2 GB 2 G G 2 GG 2 G B 2 BB 2 B

General guiding document for all agencies 1.Request by business 2.Draft an initial Concept Paper 3.Business Process Analisis 4.Decision on the scope of the Single Window 5.Identification of the sources of funding 6.Identification of the lead и implementing agencies 7.Establish interagency (а) management group; (b) technical expert group 8.Study the legal prerequisites (Rec. 35) 9.Feasibility study Master Plan (1)

10.Work Plan (on the basis of the Feasibility Study) 11.Standardization and harmonization of data 12.Data model 13.Diagramme of data flows (B2G, G2G, G2B) 14.Technical infrastructure, model and administration of the project (enterprise architecture) 15.Control configuration plan 16.Risk management plan 17.Transition plan 18.Training plan 19.Communication strategy Master Plan(2)

Two directions of work: ~80% of the work: negotiations Political work Building political will Interagency management group Concept paper and feasibility study Appoint a lead organization (e.g. Customs) Harmonize policy Technical work Data harmonization Develop the electronic SW system Align with international standards Interagency working group ~20% technical work Interagency technical group

Modernize trade processes before building a Single Window

Integrated supply chain Trade facilitation Competitive edge – trade efficiency

Steps and participants in BPA

The Single Window and enterprise architecture

UNECE Package of Recommendations Standards for the Single Window and data harmonization: –Single Window – Rec.33 –Data harmonization - Rec.34: –UN Trade Data Elements Directory UNTDED –WCO Data Model (subset of UNTDED) –Core Components –Legal issues on the Single Window - Rec Apr. 2011, Moscow, Conference => presentations at: on Vnukovo Airport community system 3 studies: on the rediness of the Russian legal system on the interoperability of technical systems

Ø unnecessary information Organize a SW Establish electronic data interchange Capturing –Identifying and inventorying agencies requirements Defining –The meaning – what information is conveyed Analyzing –Comparing similar names and definitions Reconciling –Agreement to use one name, definition, coding Rec.34:Why harmonize data requirements?

Collect, Define, Analize, Align Currently agencies gather: Port of unlading Port of unloading US Port of unlading US Port of unloading Foreign Port of unlading Foreign Port of unloading Port codes 4-digit proprietary US 5 -digit Schedule ‘K’ proprietory CA proprietory MX From the WCO Data Model: Place of discharge, Code in UNTDED: 3225 UN/LOCOD Recommendation16 UNECE Port of Unloading HARMONIZESTANDARDIZE

Collect, Define, Analize, Align Currently agencies gather: Port of unlading Port of unloading US Port of unlading US Port of unloading Foreign Port of unlading Foreign Port of unloading Port codes 4-digit proprietary US 5 -digit Schedule ‘K’ proprietory CA proprietory MX From the WCO Data Model: Place of discharge, Code in UNTDED: 3225 UN/LOCOD Recommendation16 UNECE Port of Unloading HARMONIZESTANDARDIZE

Why align data with international standards? Eight cities with the name Odessa in the world: In the USA: US ODF (FL) in Canada: US ODG (MO)CA ODE (ON) US ODS (NY) US OSD (TX) in Ukraine: US ZGY (DE) UA ODS US ZOA (NE) …just try to send a container to Canada, using electronic data submission, to Odessa, Canada, without UN/LOCODE

Data in the FAL, CMR, ЕАД 31PSC-RE*** 4412**Packaging conditionValues include "packed" or "repacked" 32PSC-RE*** 4412**Container conditionValues include "new" or "original" 33PSC-RE*** Basis for certification Values include "original phytosanitary certificate" or "additional inspection" FAL1 arrival or departure 1.1aFAL1T Name of shipName of a specific means of transport such as the vessel name 1.1bFAL1T Type of shipCode specifying a type of means of transport. 1.2FAL1T IMO numberTo identify a specific means of transport such as the International Maritime Organisation number of a vessel 1.3FAL Call sign 1.4FAL2149 voyage number S.P.Sahu has included it (?) 2aFAL1L , 3393, or 3225 (locatio n.Identi fier) Port of arrivalName or code identifying the port, airport or other type of location at which a means of transport is scheduled to arrive or has arrived The use of Recommendation 16: The UN/LOCODE is recommended (text), 3393 (coded); or as suggested by Kenji Itoh in Japan: 3225 (location.Identifier) 2bFAL1L , 3215, or 3225 (locatio n.Identi fier) Port of departureName or code identifying the port, airport or other type of location from which a means of transport is scheduled to depart or has departed The use of Recommendation 16: The UN/LOCODE is recommended (text), 3215 (coded). Or, as suggested by Kenji Itoh in Japan, 3225 (location.Identifier) 3aFAL or 2107, or 2001 (Date.D ate.Dat e Time) Date - time of arrivalDate and or time of the arrival of means of transport (in figures and words or coded) (text) or 2107 (coded), or 2001 (Date.Date.Date Time) as suggested by Kenji Itoh in Japan. 3bFAL or 2281 or 2001 (Date.D ate.Dat e Time) Date - time of departure Date and or time of the departure of means of transport (in figures and words or coded) 2280 (text) or 2281 (coded) or 2001 (Date.Date.Date Time) as suggested by Kenji Itoh in Japan. 4FAL1T Flag State of ship8453 (Transport Means. Registration Nationality.Identifier) coded SAD 55; 8452 is the same thing but text only - the country's name - and a flag of vessel, nationality of vessel can be related to it, while 8453 is coded. We recommend the use of the UN country code. 5FAL1R Name of masterName of the master of the vessel Japan suggested 3036 (Party. Name.Text) 6FAL181A L005 L (for next port of call) or 3224 (Locati on. Name. Text) Last port of call/Next port of call To identify a port, airport or other type of location which is the next place that a means of transport is scheduled to call. Or 3224 (Location. Name.Text) itinerary class 7aFAL Certificate of registry (Port; date; number) port 1001 (Document.Type.Code) 7bFAL1D Certificate of registry (date) 2001: Date.Date.Date time. To identify the date on which a means of transport has been officially registered. 7cFAL1D Certificate of registry (number) To identify the number under which a means of transport has been officially registered. 7dFAL1D ? or 3105 (Docu ment.Is sue Locatio n. Idwenti fier) Certificate of registry (location) 3411: to identify the place at which a means of transport has been officially registered. or 3105 (Document.Issue Location. Idwentifier)

Data Harmonization of 3 documents 7 IMO FAL forms CMR c.n. SAD 142 Data Elements 110 Data Elements 47 Data Elements Collect Set of 299 Data Elements Required = 299 data elements

Data Harmonization of 3 documents 7 IMO FAL forms harmonized CMR c.n. Transit declaration 64 Data Elements 16 Data Elements Data Elements-9 Standardization and Data Harmonization Standardized Data Set of the 9 documents 119 Data Elements Standardization and Harmonization can reduce the data elements from 299 to 119 required data elements

UNTDED semi-structured standard

UNLK & TDED data element mapping 3246 Consignment.Delivery Location.Text The place at which the cargo leaves the custody of the carrier under the terms and conditions of the transport contract an..256 UNLK: L 26, P UID Name Definition Repr. Mapping

UID Name Definition Repr. Mapping Coded 3246 Consignment.Delivery Location.Text The place at which the cargo leaves the custody of the carrier under the terms and conditions of the transport contract an..256 UNLK: L 26, P UID Name Definition Repr. Mapping 3247 Consignment.Delivery Location.Identifier To identify the place at which the cargo leaves the custody of the carrier under the terms and conditions of the transport contract an..35 UNLK: L 25, P UN Locode UNLK & TDED data element mapping

Rec.35: Checklist of basic legal issues 1)Law on electronic signatures  Is the system working on a PKI basis?  Is there a root CA + functioning network of CAs? 2) Law on electronic commerce 3) Law on e-government 4) Law on data protection 5) Do sectoral laws (e.g. sanitary laws) envisage the use of sector and/or country specific codes 6) Are there requirements for paper originals in law?

System of 27 SW: connected via int-l standards

Organization of work on the Single Window in EU and the CU

THANKS! Mario APOSTOLOV Regional Adviser, Regional Adviser, UNECE Trade Palais des Nations, Room 431 CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland tel.: fax: &