1 THE EU DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION POLICY Presentation by Marika Lerch, European Parliament Alpeuregio Summer School, 6 July 2011

2 OUTLINE Setting the scene Legal basis and international Framework Aid instruments: EDF and EU Budget Who does what: institutional set up Challenges

3 SETTING THE SCENE There are 925 million undernourished people in the world today. More than 350,000 women die annually from complications during pregnancy or childbirth. 99 per cent of these in developing countries. ****** Europe is the biggest donor in the world: 54 billion Euro in 2010 (58% of all ODA) EU level aid: 15 billion Euro in 2010

4 Legal Basis I Lisbon Treaty Art. 21 TEU: General provisions on Union’s external action – objectives, consistency Art. 4 TFEU: Shared competence Art. 208 TFEU: Objectives and principles Art. 209 TFEU: Ordinary legislative procedure Art. 210 TFEU: Coordination **** Art. 214 TFEU: Humanitarian Aid

5 LEGAL BASIS II Objectives and principles Poverty reduction and alleviation as overarching objective International commitments and objectives to be taken into account Policy Coherence for Development (PCD)

6 INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK Millennium Development Goals: eight measurable goals for 2015 Financing for Development: 0.7 % of GNI for ODA by 2015; Aid Effectiveness agenda: Paris Declaration 2005, Accra Agenda for Action 2008, High Level Meeting Busan 2011

7 EU CONSENSUS ON DEVELOPMENT Joint Declaration of 2005: EP, Council, Member States and Commission Common vision, objectives, values and principles Objectives: poverty reduction; Millennium Development Goals; priority for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) Values: human rights, democracy, multilateralism Principles: Partnership and ownership, participation of civil society, gender equality Commitment to aid effectiveness and policy coherence “Comparative advantage” of European Union aid

8 AID INSTRUMENTS Colonial history  dual structure European Development Fund (EDF): Development cooperation with African, Caribbean and Pacific Countries (ACP countries) EU Budget: Cooperation with other developing countries - Development Cooperation Instruments (DCI): Asia and Latin America; thematic cooperation - European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENPI): Mediterranean Countries and Eastern Europe - other thematic instruments (Food Facility etc.)

9 COOPERATION WITH ACP COUNTRIES I 1957 Treaty of Rome: Solidarity with colonies and overseas territories of founding Member States Creation of European Development Fund After decolonisation: Partnership agreements with former colonies covering aid and trade First agreement: “Yaoundé Convention” of 1963 with 18 former colonies 1970s: extension to British ex-colonies and other African countries Creation of the “ACP group” in 1975

10 COOPERATION WITH ACP COUNTRIES II : Cotonou IV agreement with 78 ACP countries Development cooperation, trade, political dialogue etc. Multilateral basis Partnership institutions (ACP-EU Parliamentary Assembly, Council of Ministers) Aid financed through the European Development Fund (EDF) EDF outside EU budget: 22.7 billion Euro for

11 COOPERATION WITH OTHER COUNTRIES Legal basis: EU regulations Unilateral basis – no joint institutions Financed through the EU Budget Development Cooperation Instrument (DCI):17 billion Euro for European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENPI):11 billion Euro for DCI: strict ODA criteria

12 WHO DOES WHAT: INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP For the DCI and ENPI: Legislation: ordinary legislative procedure Budget: Regular budgetary procedure Programming (Country and Thematic Strategy Papers and Indicative Programmes): Commission and EEAS Scrutiny by Member States and EP Implementation: Commission Control and discharge: European Parliament

13 For the European Development Fund: Cotonou Agreement: Council mandate; Commission negotiates; Member States and ACP countries ratify; EP gives assent EDF: Member States’ Agreement Programming (Country Strategy Papers and Indicative Programmes): Commission, EEAS and ACP countries Scrutiny by Member States and ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly Implementation: Commission Control and discharge: European Parliament WHO DOES WHAT: INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP II

14 PARTNERS IN EU DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION Partner governments and parliaments (“ownership”) Civil society and non-state actors Local authorities International organisations: UN, World Bank etc. Regional organisations Private sector

15 Political Challenges Funding: Multiannual Financial Framework Differentiation Policy Coherence for Development Climate Change Promoting human rights

16 THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION