The Role of the Coach

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How do coaches help increase intrinsic motivation? Duda and Pensgaard (2002) – Focus on the process: instruction, skill development – Facilitate goal setting – Foster cohesion – Provide feedback – Embrace mistakes as part of learning process – Value all team members – =PLB9484CF2D7F0E188 =PLB9484CF2D7F0E188

Social Contagion Wild & Enzle (2002) How attitudes spread due to social interaction – Coach must foster a “community of cooperative learners” (Slavin, 1995) – Coach must monitor and address issues of negativity, selfishness, defiance immediately – An interrelated network of peers, parents, coaches are all integral in helping maintain intrinsic motivation

Expectation Performance Model (Horn and Lox, 1993) Step 1: coach develops expectation for player Step 2: expectations influence coach’s treatment of player Step 3: treatment affects player performance Step 4: player’s behavior/performance conform to coach’s expectations – Low expectations efficacy, motivation, skills – Athletes use coach’s feedback to measure/gauge own competency

The 7 Secrets of Successful Coaches Janssen and Dale (2002) 1. Character Based 2. Competent 3. Committed 4. Caring 5. Confidence Builder 6. Communicator 7. Consistent

Character Based Be open, honest and direct with athletes Deal in the truth Be professional and represent your team with pride

Competency A thorough understanding of the rules, mechanics and strategies of the sport Stay current and seek continual improvement by attending clinics, reading books Admit mistakes and take steps to remedy problems Maintain perspective with winning and losing

Committed Create a vision for your team Put in the time to help the team realize that vision Have passion and allow it to show Maintain a healthy balance (home/work) Be “All In” with whatever you are doing SUoNuk (Urban Meyer, Ohio State) SUoNuk

Caring Mx0 (coach K) Mx0 Make your athletes a priority over yourself Take time to learn about their life outside of the sport Show loyalty and belief in them as people

Confidence Builder 10 tips for helping athletes maintain confidence – 1. Be understanding and constructive w/mistakes – 2. Allow athlete to play through their mistakes – 3. Criticize/correct the behavior, not the person – 4. Limit use of profanity, public embarrassment and sarcasm – 5. Use the “Sandwich Approach”: +, --, + comments – 6. “I know you’re better than that” – 7. Focus on the solution – 8. Make it a “We” project, show willingness to help correct mistakes – 9. Remind them of their strengths, past success and preparation – 10. Persist and persevere: “Don’t give up, don’t ever give up” –

Communicator Say what you mean, mean what you say Great coaching is great teaching Ownership: allow athlete input – 82E4737CB61C47&feature=fvwp&v=4Fttt3fFTxk (Hoosiers) 82E4737CB61C47&feature=fvwp&v=4Fttt3fFTxk Be proactive in settling conflicts Be clear, concise and monitor nonverbal cues

Consistent Say what you’ll do, do what you say Establish expectations and follow through – Y (Dr. Lou) Y Consistent philosophy, flexible strategy A coach’s stability provides the solid foundation for player improvement