2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Structure of the presentation History of ISSOM (development) Main approaches if ISSOM (goals) Lacks of ISSOM (intermediate stage) Experiences of ISSOM in urban areas, Switzerland Outlook of ISSOM Discussion / open questions

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Introduction: History of ISSOM August 2001: Decision of Extraordinary General Assembly of IOF to integrate Sprint Orienteering as new discipline in to the WOC August 2001: Presentation of principles to generate specifications for maps (9 th ICOM, Tampere FIN)  coloring, bright colors for large areas (example)  scale and contour interval relationshipexample February 2002, Presentation of a working draft “Int. specification for Orienteering maps in urban areas”  No differentiation urban/forest  ISSOM must cover all types of terrains

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Introduction: History of ISSOM May 2002, start collaboration with the map makers of WOC 2003 July 2002, First application of the 1. Draft ISSOM in WC Lausanne, Switzerland (1. Test-Print; spot color print)

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Introduction: History of ISSOM 2. Test-Print; spot color print, regional event in Switzerland, Liestal November 2002: Extraordinary MC-Meeting in Budapest: Discussion of the 1. Draft of ISSOM  Lack of time for WOC 2003  Focusing on the definition and graphic implementation part, no application and generalization part. Serie of test print of “Compo-City” 10 Testprints

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Introduction: History of ISSOM February 2003: Ordinary MC-Meeting in Helsinki: Discussion of the 2. Draft of ISSOM,  still many contradictory things  Lack of time for WOC 2003  release of a final draft March 2003: release of the final draft  to make the specification available for map makers and elite runners for WOC preparations (5 months) Pdf-document and Web-Version

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Introduction: History of ISSOM May 2003: application of the final draft of ISSOM for the 1. Swiss Sprint Orienteering Champion Ship; Mendrisio (3. Test-Print) July 2003: regional event in Switzerland, Basel (4. Test-Print) June – July 2003: Applications of the final draft ISSOM in different countries (Norway, Finland, Hungary etc.) 5. August: Sprint final WOC

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Main approaches of ISSOM Focus on urban areas, because of WOC 2003 in Rapperswil and not mentioned very much in ISOM 2000 Focus on the most important problem: passable an impassable features (walls, fences, private properties) scale 1:4000 or 1:5000 contour interval 2 m or 2.5 m

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Main approaches of ISSOM recommended map size A4, not larger than A3 the map must show a clear picture of the main level of the terrain (example) the minimum dimension of a feature shown in a map is 2 x 2 m. An object smaller than 2 x 2 m can be shown if it is very visible or high.

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) A map with few well chosen features, will give a much better map, than a map cluttered with many insignificant features. (Eduard Imhof)

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Main approaches of ISSOM Represent barriers and passages Graphic implementation:  overemphasize impassable fences, wall  black thick line (0.35mm)  reduce graphically passable features  gray line / thin line ( < 0.1mm)

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Main approaches of ISSOM Fairplay / Competition rules:  declaring that impassable features are also forbidden to pass  disqualifying competitors

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM) Main approaches of ISSOM Fairplay / Competition rules:  declaring that impassable features are also forbidden to pass  adapt this rule to all other features (water body, vegetation features)

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil Lacks of ISSOM Contradictory things  Content minimum dimension 2m x 2m  for urban areas o.k.  in forest  vegetation patches of 2m x 2m!  Undergrowth (green line screen)  not suitable in urban areas  Flowerbeds corresponds to undergrowth  to be consequent, passable cliffs must be represented in gray  … Application of ISSOM in forest terrain Optimize color setting  no money for series of test prints (spot color prints) International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps (ISSOM)

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps Experience of ISSOM in urban areas, Switzerland Strong cooperation between map maker and course setters is very important (open/close doors, gates, gaps) Course setters may not provoke unfair actions of the competitors (no legs over an im-passable wall/fence)

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps Outlook of ISSOM Collect experience of ISSOM applications Present the final recommendation Start Hearing of Federation Present the ISSOM

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil International Specification for Sprint Orienteering maps Experience of ISSOM in urban areas, Switzerland All reasonable measures must be considered to prevent accidents with other human activities in urban areas such as traffic, pedestrians, spectators, etc. (Separate competitors, pedestrians and spectators by the use of a cordon (tape) in crowded areas.)

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil Coloring 

2 nd August th ICOM, Rapperswil Classification: individual characteristics grouped into classes for comprehension and ease of representation Line width Comprehension: mm Not distinguishable = not comprehensive ISO- Norm occurren ce 