Delivery strategies 1

2 A Speech Before Beginning During Ending

3 Audience Analysis First of all, several questions need to be answered before you start preparing your speech: To whom am I speaking? What do I want to achieve in this speech? What do I want them to know, believe, or do as a result of my speech? What do the audience want from the speech? What is the most effective way of composing and presenting my speech to accomplish that aim as well as satisfy the needs of my audience? BEFORE

4 What are the three most important considerations in your planning? ACTIVITY 2 Audience Delivery Content Three most important considerations are:

5 AUDIENCE CENTEREDNESS INTEREST ATTITUDE SIZE PHYSICAL SETTING KNOWLEDGE DISPOSITION TO YOU EXPECTATIONS

6 Structuring your speech Introduction  Attention getter (anticipatory set): joke? story? statistics? visual? audio? Why use attention getters? - to focus audience attention on the speech. - to create an organizing framework for the ideas, or information that is to follow (advance organizers)  Introduce topic of lesson. -Relate attention getter to topic.  Tie to the audience - why it is important for the audience to listen/what is in it for me?  Preview main points BEGINNING

7 BODY OF LESSON Lesson Input Questions to ask: What? When? How? What? : Contents of your speech. When? : Organization of the contents.Organization of the contents. How? : Method of delivering your speech.Method of delivering your speech. DURING

8 ORGANIZATION OF CONTENTS oTopical order : The lesson is divided into sub-topics, each of which covers one aspect of the main content/ input. oChronological order : The lesson follows a time pattern in which you may narrate a series of events in the sequence in which they happen. oSpatial order : The lesson follow a directional pattern. That is, the main points proceed from top to bottom, left to right, front to back, inside to outside, or some other route. oCausal order : The lesson input is organized according to a cause-effect relationship. oProblem-solution order : The lesson is divided into two main parts – the first showing a problem, the second giving the solution.

Methods of Delivery (1) Manuscript – a speech that is written out word for word and is read to the audience. Extemporaneous – a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes. Impromptu - a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation.

10 Methods of Delivery (2) AUDIENCE APPEAL facial expression enthusiasm gesturesvoice posture attire eye contact

11 Crooked tie or scarf. Smeared make up or uncovered blemishes. Open zippers, exposed shirt tails. Pens or papers sticking out of pockets. Food stains on your clothes. Food stuck to your teeth. Slips showing or torn pantyhose ATTIRE

12 EYE CONTACT

13 SMILE FROWN One of the most important ways of conveying feeling.

14 Volume – loudness/ softness. Pitch – high/ low, (inflections vs monotone). Rate – speed of speech. Pauses – momentary break. Pronunciation – accepted standard. Articulation – physical production of particular sounds.

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16 The hands speak by themselves – By them we ask, promise, invoke, dismiss, threaten, entreat, deprecate, By them we express fear, joy, grief, our doubts, or penitence; we show moderation or profession and mark number and time. Quintillian Gestures should illustrate not distract from your message. Gestures should appear appropriate, natural and spontaneous.

17 POSTUREPOSTURE UPRIGHT = RIGID = SLOUCHED = LEANING FORWARD = CROSSED ARMS = FACING DIRECTLY = TURNS AWAY = CONFIDENT DISCOMFORT LACK OF CONFIDENCE INTERESTED/ WANT TO COMMUNICATE UNINTERESTED/ NOT PART OF `GROUP’ OPEN COMMUNICATION UNWILLINGNESS TO PARTICIPATE/ ANNOYANCE Posture that is… How you carry yourself conveys your self-image, and desire to communicate with others. CLOSED vs OPEN Posture

ENTHUSIASM 18

19 DELIVERY CHECKLIST