Pre-Pentium Intel Processors /
Early Processors 4004 First Intel Microprocessor 4-bit Arithmetic computation Ran at 108 kHz bit Could do data and character manipulation Ran at 200 kHz The 4004 processor
Early Processors 8080 Was used in the Altair, the first widely known PC Could use up to 64 kilobytes of memory Ran at 2 MHz 8086/ was slightly more powerful, but IBM choose the 8088 for it’s first PC for cost reasons. Could use up to 1 megabyte of memory Ran at a max of 20 MHz
Early Processors Improved 8086 design Was first attempt by Intel at integrating chipsets and processors Used in primarily in disk controllers instead of PCs Max speed was 16 MHz Increased the number of address lines, raising the number of possible addresses from 1 MB to 16 MB’s Used by IBM in their IBM PC-AT computer Ran at a max of 20 MHz The processor
80386 (1988) 1 st 32-bit processor Could use a 16 byte cache 12.5 MHz – 33 MHz 16 Registers Flags in 32 bit register 275 K transistors
80486 (1991) Included math co-processor (DX only) 120 MHz Increased efficiency RISC 1.2 M transistors
Pentium® (1993) 75 – 233 MHz 2 instructions per clock cycle 64-bit data bus Equivalent to two 32 bit chips Heat issues Hardwired most used commands 3.1 M Transistors
Pentium Pro® (1995) RISC < 200 MHz 3 instructions per clock cycle 8K cache 486 emulator 5.5 M transistors
Pentium® II Has speeds of 233 MHz, 266 MHz, 300 MHz, 333 MHz, 350 MHz, 400 MHz, and 450 MHz “seamless combination of the P6 micro- architecture and Intel® MMX media enhancement technology” 512KB cache with a 64-bit cache bus
Celeron® and Xeon® Introduced in 1998 Celeron® has system bus speeds of 66 MHz and 100 MHz Xeon® was made especially for servers Special Level 2 cache chip designed to run speeds in excess of 400 MHz
Pentium® III Released in major different models Speeds ranging from 650 MHz to 1.3 GHz First Intel processor to reach 1 GHz speed
Pentium® 4 Released in 2001 Speeds ranging from 1.3 GHz to 2.4 GHz Intel® NetBurst™ Micro-architecture instead of P6 Micro-architecture