How can art be defined? Categories and Terms used in Art Art as a reflection of Society Art as Challenge to Society

Starter

Jackson Pollock- No When do you think this was painted? Does it reflect society? How? Or is it challenging us? Is this a relevant image now?

Romeo and Juliet What effect do you think Shakespeare has had on the Arts? Are there any modern influential practitioners that could stand the test of time? What themes does Shakespeare use that are relevant today?

Compare these works of art…. Statue of Alison Lapper Pregnant on the fourth plinth Trafalgar square by Marc Quinn ‘The Birth of Venus’ Botticelli c.1485

Discipline A defined body of knowledge. Art is often split into disciplines including: Painting, Sculpture, Printmaking, Architecture, Film, Music, Dance, Literature (Novels, Plays, Poetry), Drama.

Style The way in which a work of art is ‘done’: How it is made or performed; A way to classify art.

Creativity The application of imagination and skill to bring into existence something which previously did not exist.

Artist Can refer to a painter but is also a general word applied to someone who practices or performs in any of the artistic forms.

Form The visible shape of a work as distinct from the content.

Innovation A change in something already existing or the introduction of something new. In the arts it refers to the development of new methods, techniques, materials or ideas. The essential feature of innovation is that artists do something never done previously.

Genre A term used for a style, type or category of art or literature

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

Gothic (1100 – 1400)

Notre-Dame-de-Paris

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines Gothic (1100 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1700)

The Birth of Venus by Botticelli

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines Gothic (1100 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1700) Baroque (1600 – 1750)

Judith Beheading Holoferne, by Caravaggio

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines Gothic (1100 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1700) Baroque (1600 – 1750) Rococo (1720 – 1750)

The Bolt, by Fragonard

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines Gothic (1100 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1700) Baroque (1600 – 1750) Rococo (1720 – 1750) Romantic (1780 – 1900)

The Haywain, by Constable

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines Gothic (1100 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1700) Baroque (1600 – 1750) Rococo (1720 – 1750) Romantic (1780 – 1900) Impressionism (1880 – 1920)

La Promenade by Monet

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines Gothic (1100 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1700) Baroque (1600 – 1750) Rococo (1720 – 1750) Romantic (1780 – 1900) Impressionism (1880 – 1920) Modern (1900 – 1950)

Head of Marie-Therese, by Picasso

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines Gothic (1100 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1700) Baroque (1600 – 1750) Rococo (1720 – 1750) Romantic (1780 – 1900) Impressionism (1880 – 1920) Modern (1900 – 1950) Post Modern (after 1950)

Jackson Pollock No.1

Post Modern Art – Pop Art Andy Warhol

Art Reflecting Society Art is often influenced by current events: Economic Conditions Political Circumstances Social conditions and groups Fashion and popular taste Key Events (War, Catastrophe, Revolution) New Attributes in Society Availability of New materials or technology

What is the reason for art? Many possible, but reasons often include: The result of creativity An expression of the artists emotions or beliefs Descriptive of experiences (of the artist or society at large) A record of Events An attempt to help society learn lessons from the past or a celebration of success An attempt to influence or encourage change Representation or Symbolic of an Idea A way to challenge tradition A means to earn a living

Art Challenging Society Film, Music and Literature have often been art forms whose output have been used to challenge society. Examples include:

1984 By George Orwell, Since its publication in 1949, many of its terms and concepts, such as Big Brother have become contemporary terms. In addition, the novel popularized the adjective Orwellian which refers to lies, surveillance, or manipulation of the past in the service of a totalitarian agenda. Totalitarianism is a political system where the state, usually under the power of a single political personpolitical system

Cathy Come Home, directed by Ken Loach 1966

The Sex Pistols 1977 single “God Save the Queen Attacked Britons' social conformity and deference to the Crown Precipitated the "last and greatest outbreak of pop- based moral pandemonium"