Lesson #4: Exploring the D.O.I. (Colonial Reactions to Tighter British Control) Foundations of a New Nation.

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Presentation transcript:

Lesson #4: Exploring the D.O.I. (Colonial Reactions to Tighter British Control) Foundations of a New Nation

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 1) Main IdeasDetails/Facts Proclamation of 1763: colonists not allowed to settle W. of App. Mts. Quartering Act: colonists forced to provide housing & supplies for British soldiers (save British $$) Colonists become angry; ignored the law & moved to Backcountry anyway Colonists forced to house 10,000 soldiers to enforce the Proc. Act & keep peace w/Native Amer.

Main Ideas Details/Facts Sugar Act: tax on sugar, molasses & other products; increased punishment for smugglers Britain needed $$ to pay for war debt (F & I War) defending frontier (Backcountry) Colonial government 1 st time Parliament taxed colonists without allowing colonial assembly to have a say Colonial leaders call for boycott of British goods that were taxed (boycott = refuse to buy)

Main Ideas Details/Facts Stamp Act: tax on legal & commercial docs had to be paid in silver coin British merchants complained (lost $$ b/c of boycotts) & Parliament repealed Stamp Act “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION” Sons of Liberty (made up of lawyers, merchants, business owners) protested against new tax laws burned the stamped paper attacked & killed tax collectors (“tar & feather”)

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 2) Main IdeasDetails/Facts Townsend Acts: suspended NY’s colonial assembly new taxes on various products, inc. tea writs of assistance: search warrants for any/all homes & businesses to look for smuggled goods Tax $ for Britain PLUS punishment for NY’s refusal to quarter soldiers Colonists boycott British goods again increased colonial anger & violence toward tax collectors

Main Ideas Details/Facts Boston Massacre: the name used by the Sons of Liberty to describe the death of 5 colonists Sons of Lib. used this incident as anti-British propaganda (Paul Revere’s engraving)

Main Ideas Details/Facts Colonists criticized John Adams for defending the British soldiers accused of murdering the colonists John Adams was able to prove the soldiers had not murdered the colonists but rather had acted in self-defense (CDV’S : JUSTICE & RULE OF LAW)

Main Ideas Details/Facts Tea Act: tax on tea stated only Britain could sell tea in colonies The Townsend Acts were repealed when British merchants lost money due to colonial boycotts Boston “Tea Party” Sons of Lib. destroyed shipment of British tea Current value of destroyed tea= over $1million pro-colonist propaganda to call incident a “party”; this violent act would today be considered act of terrorism

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 3) Main IdeasDetails/Facts Intolerable Acts: closed port of Boston until colonists paid for destroyed tea (from Boston T.P) banned Committees of Correspondence (part of Sons of Lib.; they informed colonists of boycotts/protests any British officials accused of crimes committed in colonies were sent to England for trial Most colonists wanted peaceful end to probs. w/Britain some colonial leaders began to call for war— “Give me Liberty or give me Death” (Patrick Henry)

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 3) Main IdeasDetails/Facts 1 st Continental Congress: Banned all trade with Britain (boycott on all British prod.) trained troops (volunteer militia—a bunch of farmers)

Main Ideas Details/Facts Lexington & Concord: first battles of the Amer. Rev. Loyalists: Patriots: British soldiers sent to arrest Sam Adams & John Hancock (Lexington, MASS) destroy stockpile of ammo & weapons (Concord) colonists who wanted to remain with Britain colonists who wanted independence from Britain

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 4) Main IdeasDetails/Facts 2 nd Continental Congress: Representatives from each colony who met to decide how to respond to attacks by British soldiers The 2 nd Continental Congress decided to: a. form the Continental Army—Washington to be commanding general b. printing of paper money to pay troops

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 4) Main IdeasDetails/Facts Common Sense: pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to convince colonists to break away from England argued all kings are corrupt told colonists they could survive economically b/c other countries would buy their goods T Common Sense was extremely popular in the colonies. was successful in convincing many Americans to call for independence from Britain.

Main Ideas Details/Facts Declaration of Independence: stated the reasons the colonists were declaring independence from Britain is based upon the ideas of John Locke Individuals have rights that no government can take away: life, liberty & the pursuit of happiness

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 4) Main IdeasDetails/Facts Declaration of Independence, cont. people had the right to abolish their government and form a new one to protect their natural rights “the people” were free white men— no women, blacks, Native Americans were included as “the people” the 56 men who signed the D.O.I. committed treason against the British government

Lesson #4 (Ch. 6, Sec. 4) Main IdeasDetails/Facts Declaration of Independence, cont. “ And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor.”