Chapter 27.2 Imperialism Pages 690-695

Objectives: To explain different forms of colonial control. To explain the patterns of imperialist management. To describe British rule in Nigeria. To Summarize African resistance movements. To debate effects of colonialism.

Main Idea: European embarked on a new phase of empire-building that affected both Africa & the rest of world. Why it Matters Now: Many former colonies have political problems that are the result of colonial rule.

Colonial Control Takes Many Forms Forms of Imperialism Characteristics Examples Colony A country or a region governed internally by a foreign power Somaliland in East Africa was a French Colony Protectorate A country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power Britain established a protectorate over Niger River delta Sphere of Influence An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges Liberia was under the sphere of influence of the U.S. Economic Imperialism Independent but less developed nations controlled by private business interest rather than by other governments The Dole Fruit Company controlled pineapple trade in Hawaii

Management Methods Indirect Control Direct Control Local government officials were used Foreign officials brought in to rule Limited self-rule No self-rule Goal: to develop future leaders Goal: assimilation Government institutions are based on European styles but may have local rules Government institutions are based only on European styles Examples: British colonies such as Nigeria, India, Burma U.S. colonies on the Pacific Islands French colonies such as Somaliland, Vietnam German colonies such as Tanganyika Portuguese colonies such as Angola

Case Study: Nigeria/Page 693 Form of Imperialism Protectorate/ Sphere of Influence Characteristics of Imperialism Local administrations/Chiefs/Royal Niger Company (palm-oil trade) Management Methods Indirect Control ( Local gov./self-rule) Example of Methods Traditional Gov.  British style of government

African Resistance Algeria people fought against French 50 years unsuccessful West Africa Samori Toure’ led resistance against French for 16 years unsuccessful German East Africa 26,000 Africans died trying to use magic (maji-maji) to fight German machines guns unsuccessful Ethiopia resister European successfully Emperor Menelik II/1896 used European weapons to defeat Italian army

Impact of Colonial Rule Good side: Reduce local conflicts Europeans brought Africa deeper into world economy RR, dams & telephone/telegraph Bad side: Africans lost control over much land African traditions were destroyed People forced out of their homes Many made to work in bad conditions Boundaries Europeans drew had no relation to ethnic divisions in Africa