1. 27.2-Continued Imperialism
Student Objectives
Analyze the different ways imperial powers established control and management over non-imperial countries.
Use the country of Nigeria as a case study to understand the complex dynamics involved with imperialism

2. Imperialism: Forms of Control
18th and 19th century Imperialism different than European exploration
Formerly little affect on locals’ lives
Did not go far into country
18th and 19th century-wanted massive influence over these places
Forms of Control emerged:
Colony-country/territory governed internally by foreign power
Protectorate-country/territory with own internal govt. but under control of foreign power
Sphere of influence-outside power has exclusive trading power/investment in country/territory
Economic imperialism-less-developed country that is economically controlled by private business interests

3. Forms of Management: Direct and Indirect Control
Local ruler still rules
Under direction of imperial power
Local official still holds power
Goal-build leaders-adopt imperial country’s style
Seen in British colonies Australia and Canada
Also US & Philippines (next year)
Direct Control
Assumption-Africans unable to rule themselves
Developed paternalism- governed region in paternal way (no rights)
Adopted assimilation-all schools and institutions would adopt to be like imperial countries
What is meant by the word “imperialism?” What does this say in regard as how Europeans/imperial power viewed Africans and other groups they took over?
What is meant by the term “assimilation?” How have you heard this word today? Do you think it is good to assimilate?
What do you think are the major positives and negatives of the different forms of management?

4. Case Study: Nigeria British in control of Nigeria
Gained control through political and military means
Agreement with local officials
Many disagreed-rebelled-put down by force
Gained control of Palm Oil trade
First area was protectorate-then moved to full colony
Gaining control-very hard
Over 250 ethnic groups in area
Three major ones very different from one another
Different languages, religion, etc.
Governed through indirect control
Some groups this worked-others very upset about this set up

5. African Resistance Africans very resistant to European rule
Very hard to successfully rebel
Resistance either military or religious
Algeria-troops fought against France for 16 years (failure)
German East Africa-believed special water would protect them from Germans’ bullet
Ethiopia-success
Only successful resistance against Europeans
Due to Menelik II
Pitted imperial countries against each other
Modernized military
Italy tried to take over
Menelik declared war-fought off and able to keep Ethiopia independent
What would be some reasons why it would be challenging for African nations to rebel against their European colonizers?
What do you think happened to the Africans in German East Africa when they sprinkled this magical water on them to protect themselves from German bullets?

6. Legacy of Colonial Rule
Mostly negative
Lost control of land and independence
Breakdown of traditional cultures
Worst issue-division of Africa
Few positives
Reduced local warfare
Some sanitation and hospital improvements
Technological improvements- mostly only for Europeans
Based on what we have discussed last class and today, what are the major issues with the Europeans dividing Africa?
What are some things that may have occurred with Africans as their were sanitation and hospital improved?