All About Contraception

Vocabulary  Fertilization- The process by which a sperm and an egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life.  Zygote- The genetic material of the egg and sperm combine to form one cell.  Embryo- A developing human from fertilization through the first 8 weeks of development.  Implantation- The embryo becomes embedded in the uterine wall.

Vocabulary continued…..  Placenta- Blood vessel-rich organ that forms in the mother’s uterus that provides nutrients and oxygen to a developing human, along with removing waste.  Fetus- A developing human in it’s ninth week of development until delivery.  Dilation- The first stage of childbirth when the uterus contracts, which causes the cervix to dilate or open up.  Expulsion- The second state of childbirth when the baby’s head fully emerges and the shoulders rotate.  Placental- The third state of childbirth that begins after the baby is delivered and ends once the uterus expels the placenta (aka afterbirth)

Birth Control

 Abstinence  Refraining from intercourse  May include sexual behaviors as well  Fertility Awareness  Studies pattern of temperature and vaginal discharge  Couple avoids intercourse during fertile weeks.  VERY DIFFICULT!!   Withdrawal  VERY DIFFICULT!!!  Man pulls out before he ejaculates.  Combining two methods  Does not work with two condoms  Couple follows the directions for each of the methods

Birth Control cont…  Female Condoms  Soft, loose-fitting pouches with flexible plastic rings  Effective for up to 8 hours (taken out immediately after intercourse)  Male Condoms  Pre-lubrication will prevent tearing  Single use, catches sperm during ejaculation  Diaphragms  Soft Rubber cups fitting over the cervix.  Should be worn for no longer than 24 hrs.  Hormonal Methods  “The Pill”  “The Shot”  “Emergency Contraceptives”  “The Ring”  The Patch

Birth Control Cont…  The Implant  Placed in a woman’s upper arm under the skin  Prevents pregnancy for up to 3 years.  Spermicides  Gel, cream, foam, film, suppository or tablet  OTC, inserted far up into the vagina to kill sperm that made it to the vagina.  The Sponge  Soaked in spermicidal foam  Inserted into the vagina over the cervix.  IUD (Intra Uterine Device)  Plastic containing copper or hormones  Placed in the uterus (copper lasts 10 years, hormonal lasts 5)  Copper makes cervix harder to navigate through  Hormonal IUD works like the pill

Birth Control Cont…  Sterilization  Woman- Tubal Ligation  Man-Vasectomy  Cuts and ties the fallopian tubes or the vas deferens.  Permanent

Abstinence

Fertility Awareness

Withdrawal

Combining 2 Methods

Condoms

Diaphragms How to use: 1.Add gel or spermicide. 2.Fold in half 3.Insert dome side down into vagina. 4.With finger, slide into place. Should cup over cervix.

Hormonal Method

Implant

Spermicides

The Sponge

IUD

Sterilization