The Electrification of the Automobile EPRI Summer Seminar Tony Posawatz General Motors Corporation Vehicle Line Director, Chevrolet VOLT August 5 th, 2008

COLLECTIVE GOAL: FREEDOM FROM OIL DEPENDENCY  Oil Provides 96% of Fuel for Transportation Fleet & < 3% for Electricity  US Uses 21M Barrels of Oil per Day - - 9M for Gasoline (personal transportation) gallons/day of oil per person in the US  Long-term Plan Required - - new cars account for < 7% of US Fleet % of US households own car, 25% own 3 or more  Oil is Largest Source of Heat-trapping Gases in US % of CO 2 from Oil - - Burning a gallon of gas releases 20 lbs. of CO 2  GREAT Plug-In PRODUCTs Req’d – THE CHEVY VOLT GREAT Partnerships Req’d!

>30 U.S. and Canadian Utility Companies – 37 States – 2 Provinces Market Analysis Public Education Seamless Customer Experience 1st-generation Technical Features Macro Value Analysis Public Policy Customer and Product Business and Policy “We must all hang together or most certainly, we will all hang separately” Benjamin Franklin

Key Objectives of Partnership Accelerate use of electricity to replace gasoline Create affordable, desirable vehicles that take advantage of the grid Provide accessible, reliable, convenient, low-cost electricity Educate the public about electric vehicles Realize environmental benefits of the plug-in revolution

Energy Diversity

GM Electrification since the EV1

2-Mode PHEV - VUEE-REV - VOLT PHEV and E-REV Philosophy Objective: Displace petroleum – up to 50% Approach: Convert conventional full hybrids to use grid energy to displace petroleum Objective: Displace Petroleum – 80+% Enable everyday ZEV driving Approach: New propulsion system with full electric performance Vehicle architecture to allow packaging of large battery More Electrification: Greater Benefits

VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION BATTERY T-PACK DOMINATES THE VEHICLE PACKAGE

SMALL FUEL TANK VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION

USING GM’S GLOBAL COMPACT CHASSIS VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION CARRY OVER GLOBAL COMPACT WHEELBASE ALL KEY ARCHITECTURE INTERFACES COMMON

VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION CONVENTIONAL FRONT WHEEL DRIVE SET- UP LEVERAGING POWERTRAIN PORTFOLIO MODIFIED FAM 0 ENGINE (1.4 L, 4 cylinder) MODIFIED FAM 0 ENGINE (1.4 L, 4 cylinder) LEVERAGING POWERTRAIN PORTFOLIO ELECTRIC DRIVE-UNIT ELECTRIC DRIVE-UNIT

PREPARED FOR FUTURE PORTFOLIO GROWTH VOLT PRODUCTION CONFIGURATION

>1 billion vehicles ~3% annual growth worldwide ~300M vehicles added from today’s 800M ~ 12% - 15% ownership growth

Fisker $$ Tesla Model S New Prius* Competitive Outlook Plug-ins are Coming! Hybrid PHEV EREV EV Tesla $$ TH!NK City* Nissan EV Honda Dedicated Hybrid* Honda Civic Hybrid* Prius PHEV Mercedes A-class VW Hybrid iMiEV Nissan EREV? Honda CR-Z* Mini EV* Nissan EV fleet VUE PHEV TH!NK Ox Th!nk plans to lease the battery Smart ForTwo

Fundamental Steps to be Taken  General Motors is Driving to Lead the “Electrification of the Automobile” - - “Mastery itself is the prize of this venture” Churchill  Opportunities Abound but Focus on Basics is Key - - Plan for Readiness for 1 st vehicles in Customers, Homes & Businesses must be Enabled  “Action This Day” Churchill - - Offer customers home certification services - - Facilitate Charging (incl. Public & 220V) - - Support in other creative ways INDUSTRY TRANSFORMATION REQUIRES BOLD ACTION