Challenge of an Environmental Model City – Kyoto: Toward the Realization of a Sustainable Low-carbon Society October, 2011 Kunimitsu Imai, Program Promotion Section Manager Global Warming Policy Office, Environmental Policy Bureau, Kyoto Municipal Government 1 Do you do something good for the environment?

1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto 2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto 3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society carbon Society 1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto 2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto 3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society carbon Society Contents Contents 2 Do you do something good for the environment?

3 1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto Do you do something good for the environment ?

Kyoto: Appeal to the World

Kyoto: Staying Alive 5 5

Appearance of the City of Kyoto Population: approx million Area: 827.9km 2 An historical city with history and culture as the capital for approximately 1,000 years from Heian-kyo (ancient Kyoto) An historical city with history and culture as the capital for approximately 1,000 years from Heian-kyo (ancient Kyoto) A tourist town visited by over 50 million tourists a year from Japan and overseas A tourist town visited by over 50 million tourists a year from Japan and overseas A city where three quarters of the city limits are rich with forests and woods and scenic beauty A city where three quarters of the city limits are rich with forests and woods and scenic beauty A manufacturing city and university city that creates innovation A manufacturing city and university city that creates innovation 6 Citizens with a strong sense of civic autonomy (suchimportant local business leaders) andlocal community bonds Citizens with a strong sense of civic autonomy (suchimportant local business leaders) andlocal community bonds

Issues in Modern Kyoto 7 Destruction of the Cityscape and Landscape Forest Devastation Historical structures and mid-high rise buildings in the background Withering of the oaks in the mountains surrounding Kyoto Feeding damage by deer Influence of global warming?

Tourism and Transportation Congestion Impressions of Tourists on Kyoto (2008) BUT No. of Tourists Going to Kyoto and Trends in Tourism Expenditure *Kyoto City Annual Tourism Report (2008) Example of Tourists Waiting for Buses at Kyoto Station Congestion from the Inflow of Automobiles (Arashiyama) Around 29%* of tourists come to Kyoto in private automobiles Best 2Worst 2 1SceneryTransportation 2LandmarksRoads 9 Issues in Modern Kyoto No. of tourists coming to Kyoto (1,000 people) Amount of tourism expenditure (100 million yen) Increases for 8 years in a row Exceeds 50 million

2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto 2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto 9 Do you do something good for the environment?

Birthplace of the Kyoto Protocol COP3, December Taking advantage of the opportunity of the birth of the Kyoto Protocol at COP3, various initiatives have been promoted aimed at the prevention of global warming

Environmental Model City Certification Kyoto was selected as an Environmental Model City on January 1, 2011 (Currently, 13 municipalities have been selected as Environmental Model Cities) 11 Environmental Model City Selection

Initiatives of Measures against Global warming in Kyoto Dec 2004: Enactment of ordinances for measures against global warming in Kyoto Sep 2010: Full revision of ordinances for measures against global warming 12 The first ordinances in Japan that specialized in measures against global warming Reduction target: 10% reduction by 2010 (compared to 1990) Reduction Targets 2050 (long-term target) Realization of a low-carbon society through significant reductions 2030 (mid-term target) 40% reduction (compared to 1990) 2020 (interim target) 25% reduction (compared to 1990) Characteristic Compulsory Regulations Compulsory introduction of eco-cars for large business operators Compulsory introduction of renewable energy for large buildings (first in Japan) Compulsory usage of timber produced in Kyoto for large buildings (first in Japan) There are only four local governments (including Kyoto) with ordinances that specify reduction targets

13 Status of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Kyoto Pre-revision ordinance reduction targets are met Issue of reductions in the residential and commercial sectors Industrial sector Private and household sector Transportation sector Private and commercial sector Carbon dioxide emissions amount(million tons – C0 2 ) Greenhouse gas emission s amount(10,000 tons – C0 2 )

3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society 3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society 14 Do you do something good for the environment?

15 In around 1,450 collection points in the city, used cooking oil is collected out of peoples homes Low-carbon Initiatives in the Transportation Sector Switch to Biodiesel Fuel Project (start: 1997)

Garbage Trucks (around 160 vehicles) B100 (Biodiesel fuel: 100%) Garbage Trucks (around 160 vehicles) B100 (Biodiesel fuel: 100%) Utilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage Trucks City Buses (95 vehicles) B20 (Biodiesel fuel: 20% + Diesel oil: 80% City Buses (95 vehicles) B20 (Biodiesel fuel: 20% + Diesel oil: 80% The annual usage of biodiesel fuel is 1.5million liters and this has reduced CO 2 by around 4,000 tons Biodiesel fuel production plant (5,000L/day)

Childrens Eco-life Challenge Promotion Project The purpose is to review the lifestyle of each home from the perspective of a child by better understanding the problem of global warming The study class instructor is a volunteer citizen who conducts the study class in a lesson at elementary school Environmental household account books for children are used and the whole family practices the eco-life in the summer or winter vacation A retrospective study class is then held 2005: Starts in 1 school 2009: 101 schools 2010: 177 schools 17 Conducted in all elementary schools in Kyoto City Low-carbon Lifestyle

18 Public transportation that creates a bustling city The switch in the leading role of the city from the car to people Realization of Kyoto: A Walking City Realization of Kyoto: A Walking City Comfortable, convenient public transportation Reorganize and strengthen existing public transportation and services that are easy to use at a world-class level A city with priority to pedestrians to savor to the maximum the appeal of walking A switch to a lifestyle that values the enjoyment of walking Existing Public Transportation Initiatives Lifestyle Initiatives Urban Development Initiatives Target: Non-automobile transportation percentage share 7280 and over Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around

19 Shijo-dori sidewalk expansion and public transportation prioritization Road pricing (congestion charge) study Initiatives toward a year-round park and ride Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around

Operation of environmentally- friendly buses Zero-emission Street Installation of EV-charging facilities (Okazaki Parking Lot disaster prevention location) Use of renewable energy (e.g. small hydroelectric power generation using the canal) 20 Kyoto-style Smart City Development International House (Kyoto Prefectural Library) Miyako Messe EV-charging equipment Storage battery Okazaki District (National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto) Zoo Remote Supervision Center Research Center School *PV examined after an on- site survey Rakunan Shinbu BAS/BEMS Energy creation and conservation technology has been centrally introduced in a cultural tourism zone, and energy management has been implemented Disaster response has been strengthened through self-sufficiency by renewable energy Energy creation and conservation technology has been centrally introduced in a cultural tourism zone, and energy management has been implemented Disaster response has been strengthened through self-sufficiency by renewable energy Energy self-support and financing inside the area EV car-sharing, EV buses and controls on the influx of fossil fuel cars Pedestrian-centered zero-emission street Green zoo (Kyoto Municipal Zoo): switch to biogas Green Zoo

21 Kyoto-style Smart City Development Distribution board Solar panel s (consideration to the landscape) PC Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) Router Dedicated website Display terminal Simplified power sensor Cloud Energy conservation support services for the home Visualization tool installation (Smart meter + Display device) Solar power generation rental roof Rooftop natural energy utilization Fast-charging storage batteries Regional stability energy hub A new downtown residential style that is people-friendly and which takes into account the environment and disaster prevention Energy creation and decentralization at multiple-dwelling and city block levels A new downtown residential style that is people-friendly and which takes into account the environment and disaster prevention Energy creation and decentralization at multiple-dwelling and city block levels Future Cityscape

22 Kyoto: Challenging to be a Low-carbon City Kyotos Goal for the Future: Fusion of accumulated history and culture and cutting edge technology

23 Kyoto: Challenging to be a Low-carbon City Toward a city with appeal: Desire to continue to live, to visit

Thank you very much for your kind attention. 12 Do you do something good for the environment?