Drug Classifications

 Stimulants: Drugs that speed up the CNS (central nervous system); produce wakefulness, & a sense of energy & well-being.  Nicotine  Caffeine  Ritalin  Methamphetamine  Amphetamines  Cocaine  MDMA/Ecstasy: is part Stimulant & part Hallucinogen

Meth Lab

Pictures of Stimulant Drugs  MethamphetamineCrack  CocaineCrack pipes MDMA/Ecstasy

Consequences of Stimulants  MethCocaine

Depressants :  Drugs that slow down the CNS; decrease inhibitory parts of brain (relax); Used for sedation, hypnotics, sleep disorders)  Alcohol  Barbiturates: (anxiety, tension, sleep disorders)  Benzodiazepines: for anxiety, stress, panic-act as sedatives.  Rohypnol-(date rape drug)  GHB (primarily a CNS depressant)

Hallucinogens :  Altered states of perception/feelings; may include hallucinations & illusions  Psilocybin (magic mushrooms)  LSD  PCP  Mescaline (peyote)  MDMA (Ecstasy) is part hallucinogen

 LSD  Mushrooms ch?v=nhfkYQ9UfiM&list=PLD F6EA51D64A0F4AD

Narcotics/Opiates :  Pain Relief (analgesic)/drowsiness  Morphine  Heroin  Opium  Oxycontin  Codeine  Fentanyl  Vidocin

Heroin

Steroids :  Human-made substances related to male sex hormones; Performance enhancing, promotes masculinizing changes in body; promotes protein growth & muscular development.  Testosterone  GHB-Anabolic (body builders) 

Club Drugs :  Club Drugs: Used by teens & young adults who are part of a sub-culture (raves, etc.)  Ketamine  Rohypnol-colorless, tasteless, odorless  GHB-colorless, tasteless, odorless  MDMA/Ecstasy

 Cannabinoids/Cannabis: Euphoria, Relaxed inhibitions, increases appetite, disorientation  Marijuana  Hashish  Inhalants: Quick short high, stimulation, may cause loss of consciousness, loss of inhibition, headaches, slurred speech, nausea or vomiting, loss of motor coordination; wheezing. Typically household products can be used to produce this short-lived high.  Nitrous Oxide  Freon  Amyl-Nitrite (Poppers, whippets)

Marijuana

 OTC (over the counter): Can be bought without a prescription  Laxatives  Robatussin cough syrup (not anymore though)  Prescription Drugs: Doctor needs to write out a prescription for a drug which is supposed to be used to treat a medical condition.

Day 2 Definitions and Overview  Drug: Substance, other than food, that changes the way the body or mind functions.   Illicit Drugs/Use: Drug that is unlawful to possess or use.   Responsible Drug Use: the correct use of legal drugs to promote health & well-being.   Drug misuse: The incorrect use of a prescription/OTC drug.   Drug abuse: The intentional use of a drug w/o medical or health reasons.  Synergistic Interaction: The interaction of 2 or more drugs/medicines that results in a greater effect than when the medicine is taken independently.

Day 2 Definitions and Overview  Antagonistic Interaction: An interaction that occurs when drugs are taken together & each drug’s effect is canceled out or reduced by the action of the other.  Synthetic Drugs: Chemical substances produced artificially in a laboratory. “K2”  Gateway drugs: drugs that often lead to other serious & dangerous drug use.  Designer drugs: synthetic substances meant to imitate the effects of narcotics & hallucinogens.  Look-alike drugs: drugs made to physically resemble specific illegal drugs.  Psychoactive drugs: Chemicals that affect the central nervous system & interfere with the normal functioning of the brain.

Page 7 Definitions and Overview  Drug use affects:  Every age group  Every racial/ethnic group  Every SES (socio-economic status)  Every geographic division  11.pdf 11.pdf  The Cost of Drugs in the U.S.  Americans spent $100 billion to $150 billion a year on illicit drugs  Americans consume greater than 60% of the world’s illicit drugs  Drug offenders account for over 50% of all inmates in federal prisons  College students spend over $4 billion annually for alcohol  Tobacco & nicotine kill us at a rate of 300,000 a year…more than all of the drugs combined!

Day 2 Definitions and Overview  Revolutionary Uses of Drugs  Vaccines: (19 th century):  Small pox, diphtheria, polio, whooping cough, measles, chicken pox, mumps, tetanus (preventable)  Antibiotics: (1940’s)  Sulfa drugs, penicillin (treat infections)  Psychopharmacology: (1950’s)  Anti-psychotic drugs  Oral Contraceptives: (1950’s)  Contributed to the sexual revolution

Day 2 Definitions and Overview  Drug Use Risk Factors  Early use  Using alone  Peer pressure  Parental approval  Perceived adult use  Little religious commitment  *

 Teens are more influenced by their parents when it comes to long-term goals & plans.  *Peers have more influence over their immediate lifestyle & day to day activities