The Thirteen Colonies of the United States Were British colonies in North America. Divided into 3 groups New England- New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut Middle Colonies- New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Southern Colonies-Maryland, Virginia, North and South California, Georgia

1774 Sugar Act English try to make people buy English products (Sugar, molasses) French products had taxes put on them to make more expensive Caused difficulty to markets (reduced where they could sell products) Reduced amount of money they could spend on other goods

1765 Stamp Act Legal documents, newspapers, deeds, mortgage Purpose was to support the army Merchants boycotted the British goods because of the law Tax collectors were terrorized In 1766 the stamp act was withdrawn

1767 Townshend Act Taxes were placed on glass, silk, paper, paint and lead. The sale of British goods felled by almost 2/3 In 1770 the taxes were dropped on everything but tea

1773 Tea Act The east Indian company was given the right to sell tea Ships of the Indians were refused admittance At the Boston tea party 3 shiploads of tea was destroyed Boston was closed to all shipping until the tea was paid.

1774 The Intolerable Acts Boston closed to all shipping until all the destroyed tea was paid for. Public meetings forbidden, 4000 British troops stationed Quebec act gave control of the Ohio territory, the largest piece of land in North America

Taxation Without Representation Between the Thirteen Colonies were taxed by the British government after the war There was no representatives in the thirteen colonies to speak on their behalf, and they could not elect any The people of the thirteen colonies were very angry at this decision made by the British The funds from the taxes were used to support the armies and fortresses for the British This was a pointless waste of money, because they war had already ended

Why are the following events/concept important to Canada’s upcoming Nationhood?

American Revolution and the Refugees in 1775 protests became armed fights Thirteen companies invaded Quebec on New Year’s Eve General Ben Franklin and Montgomery People of Nova Scotia did not join the revolution

The Constitutional Act of 1791 Gave the people of Upper and Lower Canada Their own Legislative Assemblies and representative government Aim was to recognize the bicultural nature of Quebec by dividing it into 2 colonies:Upper and Lower Canada Each got its own laws and systems of government Upper Canada to have its own English civil law and criminal law

Loyalists (Tories) They were loyal to Britain Businesses were destroyed and homes taken away by Patriots. Even after treaty of Paris this still continued The arrival of the loyalists created 2 new colonies. Brunswick formed from part of nova Scotia and Quebec was split into upper and lower Canada Most Iroquois were loyalists British government protected loyalists

British Colony of New Brunswick Nova Scotia split into two colonies of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Loyalists had all lot of reasons for two colonies made Representative government First Legislature met in 1788

Migration Northward Loyalists or Tories left from the Thirteen colonies Traveled to Canada, Britain, and the West Indies They left because of the disagreements with the patriots that the British should be overthrown This caused new settlements all over Canada

The War Of 1812 June 18, 1812 United States Declare war on Britain War started as part of ongoing conflict between Britain and America Britain Seized American Ships Americans try to take over Canada Canada fight of Americans War of 1812 made Canadians Feel more individual Canada become more close to Britain

Captain James Cook James Cook was a English explorer, navigator and cartographer. Made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean achieving the first European contact with the eastern coastline. Was the first to map Newfoundland Joined the royal navy in 1775

Captain George Vancouver Was an officer for the Royal Navy Was best known for his exploration of North America including the pacific along British Colombia

Simon Fraser Was a fur trader and explorer who explored most of what is now British Colombia Was employed by the North West Company He had been put in charge of all the trading posts west of the Rocky Mountains

David Thompson Was born in London, England, on April In 1786 he journeyed inland along the North Saskatchewan River to Manchester House