Human Geography Lesson 1 DEMOGRAPHICS

Bellringer – Page 11 Pages 471 and 193 - Population density maps Use book pages 58-65 What are we going to be studying about? Come up with 10 topics, write on page 11 in your journal. Pages 471 and 193 - Population density maps Where are people living? Why?

Bellringer – Pg 11 Add this to last week’s bellringer List the oceans and the continents.

Population Density

Population Distribution

Why do they live in these places? Why do they not live in others?? World physical map page A2

World Population Growth Why the HUGE growth in the 20th century (1900s) You will share your conclusions with the class

POPULATION PYRAMIDS PG 12

Objectives WHAT is a population pyramid? HOW to read a population pyramid? Recognize SHAPES of population pyramids. IMPORTANCE of population pyramids.

What is a population pyramid? It is a diagram that gives information about the proportion of males and females in each age group. Also shows: - proportion of young people (0 -14 ) - proportion of working people (15 – 59) - proportion of elderly people (60+)

What is a population pyramid? Vertical Axis - Age Groups Elderly dependents Working population Young dependents Horizontal Axis – Percentage / number

How to read a population pyramid? Read the title e.g. country or city or racial group Comment on general shape of the pyramid Note the proportion of people in various age groups Note the sex ratio Interpret the data

Types of Population Pyramid 1. Triangular-shaped 2. Beehive-shaped Pyramid 3. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid Shape of pyramids is controlled by births, deaths, & migrations.

Triangular-shaped Pyramid (Broad-based Pyramid)

Broad-based Pyramid Title: India, 2000 Shape: Broad Base - high birth rates Narrow Top - small elderly pop - high death rate Proportion: - Large proportion of young - high young dependency ratio Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance sex ratio

For your notes Draw a triangle shape pyramid Broad Base = high birth rate Narrow top = high death rate, low elderly population

Indonesia 2000 Malaysia 2000

Beehive-shaped Pyramid

Beehive-shaped Pyramid Title: Singapore, 2000 Shape: Rocket-shaped / Narrow Base – Low Birth Rates, Slow pop growth Proportion: Large proportion of working population, 15-59 yr old - large group of economically active pop Sex Ratio: Balanced pyramid

For your notes Draw a beehive pyramid Narrow base = low birth rate and slow growth Large middle = lots of workers

Hong Kong 2000 Taiwan 2000

Rectangular-shaped Pyramid

Rectangular Pyramid Title: Netherlands, 2000 Shape: Rectangular-shaped - Zero Pop Growth Narrow Base - Low Birth Rates - Life-expectancy is high e.g. 80+ - Low death rates Proportion: Bars of equal length - Balance Proportion Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance Sex Ratio

For your notes Draw a rectangle pyramid Rectangle = zero population growth Narrow base = low birth rate Low death rate High life expectancy

UK 2000 Netherlands 2000

Population Pyramids in Transition

Each pyramid tells a story about the past, present & future of a country & its people.

Importance of Population Pyramids Policy Planning ~ future housing estates ~ future schools ~ future jobs Comparison with other countries ~ developed (US) vs developing (India)

Your turn… Look at the shape Find the trend Remember your basic shapes

United States, 2000 More boys in younger age groups than girls Reversal of ratio in upper age groups Shifts around age 35 Slow growth

China, 2000 Efforts to reduce the birth rate have contributed to a prominent male majority. Since the early 1980s, parents try to have a male child if they are only having one child Boys culturally seen as more beneficial than a female Imbalance Could lead to instabilities

Mexico, 2000 Pyramid shape Rapid growth

Iceland, 2000 Generally straight except for older age groups Stable population

Japan, 2000 Top-heavy shape Shrinking population

Germany, 2010 Negative growth

Sweden, 2010 Somewhat stable; could be beginning a pattern of negative growth

Kenya, 2010 Looks like slow growth Dying younger The situation in Kenya: young adults with AIDS are dying leaving a very young population in its place

Brazil, 2010 Looks like the pattern of rapid growth was interrupted by something Growth rate is again rising

Russia, 2010 Very unbalanced at top between males and females. Transitioning between patterns of rapid growth; either slowing or beginning to grow again.

North Korea, 2010 Beginning period of negative growth Had previously experienced rapid growth Females outnumber men in older ages

Glue your created population pyramid to the back of page 12

Exit Slip What shape is your population pyramid? What does that tell you about the Age groups (youth, working, elderly) Sex Growth

Levels of Development More Developed Less Developed GDP per capita of $25,000 or more Low life expectancy Less than $8,000 GDP per capita Literacy rate at/near 99% Technology Large rural population Industrialized High infant mortality rate Varied distribution of labor High birth rate Large Urban population Newly Industrialized High life expectancy (above 76) $9000-24,000 GDP per capita Growing urban population Growing technology

Definitions for your notes – Pg 12 More developed Newly industrialized Less developed

Country Profile Assignment https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/