1. Population Pyramids

2. POPULATION STRUCTURE The population pyramid displays the age and sex structure of a country or given area Population in Five Year Age bands Usually, but not always, In % to make for easier comparisons between countries OLD DEPENDANTS ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE YOUNG DEPENDANTS FEMALES To the right MALES To the left

3. Population Pyramids Show the number (or percentage) of people in each age range Show male v female statistics Allow us to identify future population trends 1.Why might we need to see how many people are in each category? 2.Why do we need to predict future trends?

4. What % are males between 0-4? What % are aged under 10?

5. Can you predict the problem faced by USA in the year 2030?

6. Data for Toronto Canada

7. LEDC v MEDC Population structure and population pyramids clearly show a difference for LEDC and MEDC countries.

8. LEDC Large proportion at the bottom = HIGH BIRTH RATE Steep Decline = HIGH DEATH RATE Very Few old = LOW LIFE EXPECTANCY Steep decline in early years = High Infant Mortality

9. MEDC Proportionally narrow base = LOW BIRTH RATE More Middle Aged than young Lots of older people = LOW DEATH RATE + HIGH LIFE EXPECTANCY

10. Sometimes pyramids are in % and others have raw values. What are the benefits of each type over time?

11. Use the data for the UK to construct a 2014 population pyramid for the UK

12. Male %AgeFemale % 30-43 3.3.5-93.3 3.510-143.2 315-193 320-243 3.725-293.7 3.830-343.9 435-394 3.940-443.9 3.545-493.6 3.550-543.7 2.955-593 2.760-642.8 2.365-692.6 270-742.3 1.575-791.6 180+1.4

13. Animated China What has happened to men v women ratio over time? What has happened to the ratio of elderly, working age, and children? What is the relevance of these changes??

14. Clues to our past? Look again at USA Pyramid. Why are there more elderly women than men? Why the huge bulge in the 30-40 age range?