Reconstruction Gov’t plan to rebuild the South

Constitutional Amendments following war 13th Amendment (1865)- abolishes slavery in all states 14th Amendment (1868) – “guarantees” blacks their civil rights – recognizes them as citizens – “Equal Protection under the law” 15th Amendment (1870)- prohibits voting discrimination based on race

Presidential Reconstruction –Presidential Reconstruction- Andrew Johnson ( a former slave holder) grants amnesty to confederacy officials

Black Codes Laws in South intended to keep blacks in “de facto” slavery (passed after Civil War) Ex. Must have written proof of employment Any employment other than farmer or servant was heavily taxed Led many blacks to return to plantation labor

Congress v Johnson Johnson vetoed the 14th Am Congress passed it over his veto House Republicans impeach him (1st Pres to be impeached)

Radical Reconstruction Attempted to reform the South Reconstruction Act of Put troops in South to enforce new protections Massive increase in power of federal gov’t

Rise of the KKK KKK forms to respond to these changes Esp to deny blacks their voting rights

Jim Crow Laws Segregation laws Began in 1876 Upheld in Plessy v Ferguson

Compromise of 1877 Virtual tie b/w 2 presidential candidates Samual Tilden (Dem) vs Rutherford B. Hayes (Rep) 2 sets of election results in Fl, LA & SC—led to Election commission (8:7 Repub)---Hayes promised to reduce # of troops in South Leads to rise in terror and intimidation w/ no feds protecting the newly freed blacks