Chapter 12 Illegal Drugs

DO NOW 9-10 Make a list of drugs that you think are commonly abused then explain what some reasons are that people use illegal drugs.

DO NOW 9-11 Why is drug abuse especially dangerous for teens? Explain your answer in 2-3 sentences.

DO NOW 9-12 Are all abused drugs considered illegal drugs? Explain your answer in 2-3 sentences.

DO NOW 9-13 On ONE side of your notecard write down as much information as you can about marijuana, inhalants, and Section 1 of your text. You will be able to use this information on your quiz.

Key Terms Drug Abuse Overdose The intentional improper or unsafe use of a drug Overdose The taking of too much of a drug which causes sickness, loss of consciousness, permanent damage and even death

Illegal Drug Use is Dangerous Using illegal drugs is not only against the law but it is also extremely dangerous. Permanent effects on the brain and the body. You can become addicted. You can catch infectious diseases from needles. You can overdose. You can lose the ability to make responsible decisions about other risky behavior

Why Do People Begin Using Drugs? a desire to experiment a desire to escape boredom or depression enjoyment of risk-taking behavior a belief that drugs solve personal, social, or medical problems peer pressure glamorization of drugs by the media

Teens and Illegal Drug Use Most teens feel extreme pressure from family, teachers, friends, and added responsibility. Why start taking drugs? Peer pressure Desire to fit in Everyone else is doing it Escape Curiosity Risk takers/thrill seekers Teens have a higher risk of addiction to drugs than adults do because teens’ brains are still developing. Drug use or abuse can change the function of the brain. Altering brain development with drug use can lead to a life-long struggle to overcome addiction

Skits Class will be divided into 3 groups (divided by rows) You will design a 3-5 minute skit depicting a teen being pressured by his or her best friends to try marijuana for the first time. You will perform your skit in front of the class and use refusal skills to try and stop the pressure. (refusal skills reminder…be honest, give a reason, suggest an alternative) The rest of the class will write down what refusal skills he/she used and at the end be able to offer suggestions on how to cope with the situation better.

Key Terms Marijuana Inhalant Club (designer) drug Anabolic Steroid The dried flowers and leaves of the plant Canabis sativa that are smoked or mixed in food and eaten for intoxicating effects Inhalant A drug that is inhaled as a vapor Club (designer) drug A drug made to closely resemble a common illegal drug in chemical structure and effect Anabolic Steroid A synthetic version of the male hormone testosterone that is used to promote muscle development

Types of Illegal Drugs There are many types of illegal drugs, but they all have three things in common. They affect the function of the brain. They are dangerous to your health. They can result in drug dependence and addiction.

Is Marijuana a Safe Drug?

Marijuana The active chemical in marijuana is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). People who use marijuana build up a tolerance, so they need more and more to get high. This can lead to physical dependence.

Marijuana Short Term Effects Long Term Effects Loss of short-term memory Slowed thinking ability Loss of balance and coordination Difficulty paying attention Distorted sense of time and distance Increased appetite Anxiety Giddiness Panic attacks Long Term Effects Same negative health effects as smoking tobacco. Marijuana use is also dangerous when driving. The loss of attention and coordination can make driving high as dangerous as driving drunk. Hashish has the same effects as marijuana, but stronger.

Inhalants Commonly abused inhalants include paint thinner, glue, gasoline, marker fluid, propane, butane, and nitrous oxide. Because inhalants are often common products, they can be easy to get and inexpensive. Inhalants are a common gateway drug for teens.

Inhalants Inhalants can be extremely dangerous Inhalants damage many organs. Inhalants kill brain cells. Inhalants can cause sudden death.

Club Drugs

Club Drugs Ecstasy GHB Other names: MDMA, X, Adam, XTC Both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties Comes in pill form GHB When combined with other depressants and alcohol death is even more likely Also considered a date rape drug because it causes memory problems and it makes you unable to resist.

Club Drugs Ketamine and PCP Look-Alike Drugs People often hurt themselves because you can not feel pain Also been known for memory loss and comas Violent towards self and others Look-Alike Drugs Are drugs that have similar effects as club drugs but are cheaper and you often don’t know what they are made with and how strong they are.

Anabolic Steroids Anabolic steroids have a few legitimate medical uses. Most people take anabolic steroids illegally and without guidance from a doctor. Unlike most drugs of abuse, steroids have no immediate psychoactive effect. Their primary effects are on the body.

Anabolic Steroids The table at right shows some of the side effects of anabolic steroids. Abusing anabolic steroids can lead to serious health problems.

Key Terms Stimulants Depressants Opiates Hallucinogens drugs that temporarily increase a person’s energy and alertness. Depressants drugs that cause relaxation and sleepiness. Opiates group of highly addictive drugs derived from the poppy plant that are used as pain relievers, anesthetics, and sedatives. Hallucinogens drugs that distort perceptions and cause a person to see or hear things that are not real.

Stimulants and Depressants

Common Stimulants Amphetamines Methamphetamines Cocaine/Crack Cocaine Made in laboratories and prescribed to treat neurological disorders and life-threatening obesity Methamphetamines Commonly called meth, crystal, ice, rocks Used by snorting, smoking, injecting, or inhaling Can cause permanent brain, liver and kidney damage Cocaine/Crack Cocaine Similar effects to meth Can become addicted after 1 use

Common Depressants Rohypnol DXM Also called roofies Used as a date rape drug Effects include loss of memory while on the drug, disorientation, and loss of inhibitions DXM A legal ingredient in cough medicine Similar effects to PCP Can produce hallucinations and bizarre sensations

Opiates

Opiates Heroine Opium Morphine and Codeine Most common Swallowed, snorted, smoked or injected Heroine users commonly… Lose their jobs Poor living conditions Health problems Engage in crime Opium A mild painkiller. Causes slowed heartbeat, slowed breathing, loss of appetite, and loss of inhibitions. Morphine and Codeine Used for patients in extreme pain

Hallucinogens

Hallucinogens LSD Mushrooms Taken in tablets or absorbed through the tongue on small paper squares Effects are unpredictable Increases energy Alters mood Creates strange thoughts and sensations Causes nausea Vomiting Dizziness Bizarre body sensations Huge emotional swings Mushrooms Similar effects to LSD Eaten raw or mixed with food Alters sounds, sights, tastes, smells, and touch

Key Terms Neonatal abstinence syndrome Recovering Intervention Relapse Drug withdrawal that occurs in newborn infants whose mothers were frequent drug users during pregnancy Recovering The process of learning to live without drugs Intervention Confronting a drug user about his or her drug abuse problem to stop him or her from using drugs Relapse A return to using drugs while trying to recover from drug addiction

Risks of Drug Use The dangers of intoxication, side effects, and addiction are not the only risks of drug abuse. Other risks include car accidents accidental injury or death violence and other criminal activity unplanned pregnancy sexually transmitted diseases

Warning Signs If you suspect someone you care about is using drugs look for these signs and symptoms Unusual emotional reactions Withdraws from family intimacy and activities Repeatedly breaks household or school rules Starts hanging out with different friends Starts to dress differently

12 Principals to Effective Drug Treatment No single treatment works for everyone. Treatment should be available and easy to access. The best treatment also addresses problems other than addiction. Treatment should offer multiple services. The longer an abuser stays in treatment, the more effective it is. Group therapy builds skills for resisting drugs and developing relationships without drugs.

12 Principals to Effective Drug Treatment Medications can be an important part of treatment. Mental illness should be treated along with addiction. Treatment does not need to be voluntary. Patients should be monitored. Programs should test for HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, and other diseases. Recovery may require several periods of treatment to combat relapse.

Saying No to Drugs Say no firmly. Buy yourself time. Give good reasons. State the consequences. Say no again and include an alternate activity. Walk away.

DO NOW 9-17 The top 10 overall health concerns for U.S. children in 2011 and the percentage of adults who rate each item as a “big problem” include: 1. Childhood obesity, 33% 2. Drug abuse, 33% 3. Smoking and tobacco use, 25% 4. Teen pregnancy, 24% 5. Bullying, 24% 6. Internet safety, 23% 7. Stress, 22% 8. Alcohol abuse, 20% 9. Driving accidents, 20% 10. Sexting, 20% Out of the top 3 health concerns for teen s why are 2 of the top 3 illegal and the one at the top is not? Do you think that this is right? Explain your answer in 2-3 sentences. Is there anything on this chart that you disagree with or is there something that you think should be added.

DO NOW 9-18 What are some of the things that people will say to you to try and convince you to start doing drugs? What would some of your responses be in denying their urges to try and get you to start?