Drill 2/29 Debate issues: What were some of the key issues talked about in the Presidential Debate? How do you feel the candidates did?

The Antebellum Period

Objective: SWBAT Identify Jacksonian Democracy Analyze the impact of the “Indian Removal Act”

Andrew Jackson Former Tennessee Supreme Court judge War hero of 1812 Democratic – Republican Senator Stern, hot-tempered Nick-named “Old Hickory”

The Election of 1824 Jackson v JQ Adams v Wm.H Crawford v Henry Clay Jackson won the popular vote No one won enough electoral votes to win Jackson had the most House of Representatives voted for JQ Adams Jackson would run again in 1828 and win

Jacksonian Democracy Expanded Suffrage White-male suffrage was expanded greatly Manifest Destiny It was God’s will that America settle all the way to the Pacific

Jacksonian Democracy Patronage Placing political supporters in appointed positions Strict Constructionalism The Constitution is what it is, limited federal power Laissez-Faire Economics The government should stay out of business affairs and the markets will take care of themselves

Drill 9/30 Who were the Five Civilized Tribes? What is the trail of tears?

The Five Civilized Tribes

Drill 10/1 What is a tariff? What impact did the Cotton Gin have on the Southern United States?

Tariff A tax on an imported good The cotton gin made cotton a viable money-making crop. The southern agricultural economy flourished as did slavery. It would also aid in further resistance to industrialization.

Jackson and the economy Biggest issue of the day: Tariffs Caused a divide between North and South Southern economy now based on cotton, little manufacturing Southern manufactured goods come from the north or directly from England

Jackson and the economy Congress raised the tariff on imported goods twice 1824 and 1828 This began to hurt the Southern Economy and southern lawmakers began to think.

John C Calhoun Vice President South Carolina Developed a theory of NULLIFICATION that South Carolina could use

John C Calhoun Each state was sovereign when they SIGNED the Constitution so they must still be sovereign now. QED, the states should be able to nullify laws they find as uncostitutional

The Nullification Crisis Jackson is angry He considers South Carolina’s declaration to be a personal insult and challenge of his power Jackson urges Congress to pass a bill that would allow for military force to be used if SC does not pay the tariff

Enter Henry Clay Senator from Kentucky Crafted a compromise that would lower the tariffs gradually (1833) Maintained the Supremacy of the Federal Gov’t Placated the states

Drill 10/6 Explain the Nullification crisis

Objective: SWBAT Identify Henry Clay’s American System and the Missouri Compromise Analyze Western expansion and how it influenced the Mexican War

Henry Clay: reformer While House speaker Clay developed what he called his “AMERICAN SYSTEM” Establishing a protective tariff Rechartering the national bank BUS would produce one single currency Sponsoring the development of transportation systems and other internal improvements

Henry Clay: reformer As new territory becomes states the question of slavery enters into it Many do not want slaveholders buying up all the lands Clay develops the Missouri Compromise Maine (Free) and Missouri (slave) are admitted New states north of a line drawn west of MS southern border was to be a free state Any free state must be accompanied by a slave state, vice versa

The problem with Texas Southern planters moved into Texas lands (then Mexico) Mexican officials allowed it so long as three conditions were followed Convert to Catholicism Stay away from the coast No slavery Settlers ignored all of those rules

Texas Mexico tries to enforce their laws, Texas claims independence There is a brief war and in 1836 Texas is an Independent republic No one wants them 1844 – Enter Polk