Progressive Reform APUSH Period 5 Rose, Daniel, Leah

Labor, the Machine, and Reform Between , many labor reforms were passed – Child labor law – Workmen’s compensation law – Limited working hours for women Reforms influenced by unions and party machines being used as vehicles for social reform – Tammany Hall and the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire Tammany Hall Triangle shirtwaist fire

Western Progressives The leaders of western progressives had these traits: -Isolationist policies about immigration. -Similar to populists. -Opposed the railroad business. Hiram Johnson George Norris William Borah

Western Progressives Debated who owned land and natural Resources Western Progressives had to work with the Federal Government in order to get anything done.

African Americans and Reform African Americans faced greater obstacles. – Legal, economic, social and political. Booker t. Washington W.E.B. Du Bois

Booker T. Washington Many embraced his message I the late 19 th century. “Put down your bucket where you are at.” Work for immediate self-improvement rather than long-range social change.

W.E.B. Du Bois Challenged philosophy of Washington and entire structure of race relations. Unlike Washington, never knew slavery. Born in Massachusetts, educated at Fisk University in Atlanta and at Harvard. More expansive view than Washington. Launched an open attack on the philosophy of the Atlanta Compromise in The Souls of Black Folk (1903). Accused Washington. Advocated full education for blacks.

NAACP In 1905, Du Bois and a group of his followers met at Niagra Falls. 4 yeas later, they joined with white progressives. Whites held most offices at first, but Du Bois was the guiding spirit. The new organization led the drive for equal rights. Within less than a decade, the NAACP had begun to win some important victories. Guinn v. United States (1915). Buchanan v. Worley (1917). One of the nation’s leading black organizations.

The NAACP’s Strategy Was not a radical, or even an egalitarian, organization. Relied on the “talented tenth”. Stressed for exceptional blacks to gain positions of full equality. Focused on creating a leadership group.

Lynching Lynching was a huge problem for African American organizations. Du Bois was an outspoken critic of lynching. – Advocated a federal law making it illegal. Most determined opponents of lynching were Southern women. – Included white women such as Jessie Daniel Ames. The most effective crusader was Ida Wells Barnett.

Baby Boomers People born during post WWII baby boom Seventy-six million American children born between 1945 and 1964 Associated with rejection or redefinition of traditional values Considered much more liberal than their parents

Minimum Wage Workers Federal minimum wage $7.25 per hour – Decided in 2009 Many workers cannot support themselves/family on minimum wage Different minimum wages per state Supports of raising minimum wage say that due to inflation it should be about $21 per hour

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