Westward Expansion

OBJ #1: A. Louisiana Purchase 1.Purchased from France $15 Million (Napoleon Sells) 2. Geographic Location *East- Mississippi River

3. Exploration Lewis & Clark *Lewis & Clark Job: Explore the new territory of Louisiana -Find a North West Passage -Find the true size of the territory -Discover Native Americans. -Describe Natural Resources ** Sacagawea- Indian Woman, Hired to be guide, learned English

Lewis and Clark Expedition Sacajawea shows Lewis & Clark through the Louisiana Purchase

Moving West (Mid-West) Industrial Revolution **Creation of a factory system and use of mechanical tools to improve life and production ** Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney:1793 ** Steam Boat

People Move WEST! * New Land means they can move! Use roads and the NEW RAILROAD!

OBJ #2: War of 1812 Europe was in a war, and needed supplies from U.S People in U.S. losing $$/ Supplies were cut off British v. United States British help Native Americans to attack American settlements. War Hawks: wanted the U.S. to fight G.B. ( they like war) British burn Washington DC

Francis Scott Key writes “Star Spangled Banner” - National Anthem U.S. won at New Orleans Treaty of Ghent: Ended the war ** Both sides didn’t think they could win Showed the U.S. could stand up to the British

OBJ #3: ** TEXAS Republic: - Americans settle in Texas -Belongs to new country- Mexico -Mexico wants Americans to learn customs **No more Americans: Texas is MAD! * Texas asks to leave Mexico and be on their own, Mexico says NO! * Houston chosen as leader of Texas Army

** Battle for Independence -Mexico is winning at first Alamo (1836): Texans stationed at Alamo; Mexico v. Texas. Mexico breaks through and kills all Texans -Texans Recover- Capture Santa Anna (Dictator) Numbering approximately 189 men, the Texans fought off the Mexicans, who numbered around 3,000-4,000 troops, for 13 days until the Mexican Army finally overran the Alamo on March 6, 1836.

** Texas is FREE- On their own! Asks to join the U.S. U.S. says NO- North doesn’t like slavery Finally YES as slave state Annexed : to add in 1845

OBJ #4: Mexican American War 1. Mexico starts to welcome Americans into its territories (New Mexico & California) 2.U.S. Annexes (adds) Texas (Upset Mexico) 3. U.S. thought Texas boarder at Rio Grande 4. Mexico thought boarder at Nueces River

Mexico v. U.S. * Many Americans were against the war (Why?) - U.S. Wins Easily! * Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848): Ends War ($15 million) Mexico cedes (gave up) California & all of Southwest gives Mexico million * Gadsden Purchase- ($10 million) for S. Arizona and Southern New Mexico

OBJ #5: ** Native Americans * President Jackson wanted to open up the land from Georgia to Mississippi for farming 1. Indian Removal Act of 1830: * Passed by Congress * Ordered Indians to give up lands East of Mississippi to trade for land in Oklahoma * BAD LAND!!

* -Cherokee Refuse **Cherokee sue in Supreme Court to stop removal (Jackson ignores order) **1835- some Cherokee sign treaty but most of 17,000 do not agree and will not accept it 2. Trail of Tears: 1838 **Trail from Georgia to Oklahoma. Many die during 800 mile march, treated bad by soldiers, hungry, cold, disease -Forced Out: Jackson Uses Military – Sends 7,000 troops in to force removal

Trail of Tears:

OBJ #6: ** Manifest Destiny: 1840’s – Belief that the U.S. and it’s people had the right to “colonize” and use all territory from Atlantic to Pacific. -Mountain Men: *Early explorers head into Louisiana *Send stories and goods back * Led people to explore the West

OBJ #7 *Promise of rich land in Oregon ** Oregon Trail- Rough trail, harsh conditions, not enough food, people DIE **Both U.S. and Great Britain said they owned Oregon **U.S. adds 5,000 more people & British don’t agreement to set border at the 49th Parallel ** Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana.

49 th Parallel

CALIFORNIA!! * After Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848): belongs to U.S ** GOLD RUSH!! /49 (49’ers) *Gold found at Sutter’s Mill 1848 *100,000 people come between *Boomtowns: No Government /Rough Towns Becoming a State: 1850 * *Banned Slavery: Created trouble in Congress!