1. Texas Independence 1836

2. Georgia Standards
SS4H6: The student will explain westward expansion of America between 1801 – 1861.
A. Describe territorial expansion with emphasis on the Louisiana Purchase, the Lewis and Clark expedition, and the acquisitions of Texas (the Alamo and independence), Oregon (Oregon Trail), and California (Gold Rush and the development of mining towns).
Essential Question:
How did Texas become a U.S. territory?
What is the theory of Manifest Destiny?
What were the results of the Mexican War?

3. 1821 Stephen F. Austin “Father of Texas” Led settlers into TX
Looking for inexpensive land
Brought slaves with him

4. 1821 Santa Anna Leader of Mexico
Mexico not ready for democracy
Led attack against TX at the Battle of the Alamo

5. Tejanos Mexicans lived in Texas Wanted independence from Mexico
Did not like the laws or the leader Santa Anna
Tejanos rebelled against Mexico

6. The Battle of the Alamo March 1836
TX leaders voted to declare independence from Mexico
Formed the Republic of Texas
Texas Army led by Sam Houston

7. The Battle of the Alamo March 1836
Santa Anna led large army to San Antonio to stop rebellion
His goal  Capture the Alamo
Alamo- old religious building that was used as a military fort
Not many Tejanos & Texans were defending the Alamo (less than 200)
Most of them died
Who won the Battle of the Alamo????

8. Other Famous Americans
Davy Crockett well-known hunter and trapper
Elected to Congress
Helped Sam Houston fight for independence from Mexico
Was killed in The Battle of the Alamo
Jim Bowie Officer in TX army
Fought at the Battle of the Alamo
Sick with Typhoid fever
High fever and sever stomach problems
Killed in his bed (not from Typhoid)
Bowie Knife

9. Battle at San Jacinto April 1836
The Rep. of Texas sent Sam Houston on a surprise attack
“Remember the Alamo”
Shouted by the Texans as they defeated the Mexican troops and captured Santa Anna
Santa Anna agreed to give Texas its independence if he could be freed

10. The Republic Becomes a State
Republic of Texas held 1st election in Sept 1836
Sam Houston became President of Republic of Texas
Made Slavery legal
Voted to join the United States

11. The Republic Becomes a State
U.S. President (Martin Van Buren) feared annexation
Annexation: the act of joining 2 pieces of land together
Van Buren feared that adding another state would:
led to war with Mexico
Cause conflict with Texans because slavery was illegal in the U.S.

12. Manifest Destiny
The people that supported Texas becoming a state believed in manifest destiny
Belief that the U.S. should spread across the entire continent, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
Did Manifest Destiny begin during this time? Or is there another time that you might think the U.S. believed in manifest destiny????
Louisiana Purchase

13. Indian Removal Act 1830 President Andrew Jackson
Pushes Congress to force Indians west of the Mississippi River
Give up lands in the east…. Get lands in the west
Congress established Indian Territory (now OK) as the new Indian homeland

14. The Trail of Tears 1838 Trail of Tears
U.S. government moved over 18,000 Cherokee Indians more than 800 miles from Tennessee to Oklahoma
Along the journey, forced more Indians to Oklahoma
Many of the Indians died from starvation, exhaustion, and disease

15. The Mexican War 1846 1845 U.S. President James Polk
Congress voted to allow TX to become part of the U.S.
Polk wanted the border between TX and Mexico to be the Rio Grande River
Give U.S. more land

16. Mexico wanted the border at the Nueces River
The Mexican War
Mexico wanted the border at the Nueces River

17. The Mexican War September 1847 U.S. capture Mexico City
Congress declared war on May 13, 1846
U.S. led by General Zachary Taylor
September 1847 U.S. capture Mexico City
Mexico agrees to discuss peace treaty
1848 U.S. and Mexico sign the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Mexico agrees to accept border at Rio Grande River
U.S. paid Mexico $15 Million for the land