Biomes of the World This presentation was developed for a middle school/junior high science class. Through use of this presentation and their science book, students will be able to identify and name important characteristics of the world’s biomes. Each biome is discussed individually. The presentation shows each biome’s location, climate, plant, and animal life.

Biomes of the World

What are biomes? * A biome is an area that has the same climate (weather) and the same organisms that live there. * Biomes help scientists describe the world. * There are ____ land biomes and ___ water biomes 6 2

Land Biomes * Tundra * Coniferous Forest * Deciduous Forest * Tropical Rain Forest * Grassland * Desert

Tundra Climate (weather) Where is the tundra? Around the North Pole and near the Arctic Ocean Climate (weather) Very cold and dry Temperature: less than -5°C Only has 25 centimeters or less of rain every year What the land looks like Permafrost: the dirt that is always frozen (even in the spring and summer) Flat land with only a few small, thin trees

Plants and Animals of the Tundra Fungi and algae They cover the rocks and ground Animals caribou duck lemming musk ox wolf sandy hill crane polar bear marmot snowy owl ermine

Tundra

Views of the Tundra

Coniferous Forest Climate Cold and snowy What the land looks like In the winter: Ground is frozen In the spring: Taiga: swampy forest Snow melts and the ground becomes wet and swampy because the deeper ground is frozen

Where are coniferous forests? Alaska Canada Europe Asia In Canada, Alaska, northern Asia, and northern Europe

Kinds of conifer trees pine spruce fir Conifer trees (have cones) Have needles covered with wax Wax protects the needles from freezing cone needles Kinds of conifer trees pine spruce fir

Animals of the Coniferous Forest Moose Beaver Wolf Black bear Wolverine Red Squirrel Hawk Owl Lynx Animals of the Coniferous Forest Snowshoe Rabbit

Coniferous Forest

Winter in the Coniferous Forest

Deciduous Forest Climate What is special about deciduous trees? Summers are warm Winters are cold Gets 75 centimeters of rain every year (that’s over 2 feet of rain!) What is special about deciduous trees? The leaves change colors and fall off the trees in autumn and grow new leaves in the spring The leaves on the ground make the dirt better and help plants grow.

Where Are Deciduous Forests? Deciduous forests are between northeastern United States and Canada. Some are in the eastern United States. Others grow in Europe and eastern Asia.

Plants of the Deciduous Forest * Trees * Flowers * Oak * Hickory * Lily of the valley * Maple * Beech * Star Flower

Animals of the Deciduous Forest Eagle Brown Bear Black Bear Chipmunk Raccoon Porcupine Red Fox White-tailed Deer Mouse Coyote

The Deciduous Forest

Tropical Rain Forest How much rain is that? Rainforest Illinois Climate Rains almost everyday Gets almost 10 feet of rain every year. Very hot all year long Rainforest Illinois

Where are Tropical Rain Forests? The largest tropical rainforest is in South America. It is called the Amazon rain forest. They are also found in central Africa, Central America, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, and a small area of Australia.

Layers of the Rainforest Emergent Layer Canopy Layer Understory Layer Forest Floor

Plants of the Rain Forest Orchid Banana Vanilla Coffee Fern Cacao (chocolate)

Birds of the Rain Forest Blue Parrot Cassowary Blue-Gold Macaw Cockatoo Yellow-eared Parrot Rhino Hornbill Scarlet Macaw Toucan

Bugs, Snakes, and Frogs of the Rain Forest Katydid Posion Dart Frogs Preying Mantis Python Red-Eyed Tree Frog Scorpion Walking Stick Zebra Butterfly Ulysses Butterfly

Animals of the Rain Forest Flying Squirrel Benegal Tiger Capybara Chimpanzee Leopard Spider Monkey Gorilla Lemur Tapir Mandrill Jaguar Olive Baboon

Views from the Rain Forest

Rain Forest

Water Within the Rain Forest

Wow! What a sight!

Grasslands There are _____ kinds of grasslands. two Temperate grasslands: called prairies Tropical grasslands: called savannas Climate All grasslands get between 25 and 75 centimeters of rain every year. Coniferous forest

Where are grasslands? Savannas Temperate Grasslands The largest grassland is in Africa. There are also grasslands in North America, South America, central Asia, and northern Australia.

Temperate Grasslands (Prairie) Some are found in the United States Illinois is on the prairie, so we live in the temperate grasslands. Land is usually flat Not a lot of trees grass The most important plant is __________.

Tropical Grasslands (Savanna) Largest savannas are found in Africa There are only a few trees on the savanna Why don’t a lot of trees grow? Savanna does not get a lot of rain People set the grass on fire to stop trees from growing Animals eat the trees before they can start growing tall

Plants of the Savanna Grass Can live without a lot of rain Acacia tree Baobab tree

Animals of the Savanna Black Rhinoceros Cheetah Wild Dog African elephant Giraffe Animals of the Savanna Zebra Ostrich Hippopotamus Hyena Warthog Lions

Savanna Scenes

Desert two There are __________ kinds of deserts. Hot deserts and cold deserts cold desert hot desert Sahara Desert Gobi Desert

Where are deserts? In Africa, western North America, western Asia, central Australia, and western South America.

Hot Deserts Cold Deserts * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * hot during the day and cool at night Cold Deserts * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * cold all of the time

Plants of the Deserts * can live there because the roots are close to the top of the ground and can get the water quickly. Cactus Aloe Barrel Cactus Prickly Pear Cactus

Black-collared lizard snakes camel Animals of the Desert desert iguana roadrunner jackrabbit

Desert Scenes

More Desert Scenes

Water Biomes * Marine * Freshwater

The Marine Biome ocean different organisms live in each area * The marine biome is the _________________ biome. * covers about 70% of the Earth * has salt water * Organisms that live in the ocean are able to live in the salt water. * sunlight, water pressure, and water movement affect the organisms too because of these things, the ocean is divided into different areas different organisms live in each area * The water that is very deep has cold temperatures, high pressures, and is very dark

Marine Plant Life barnacles coral Many of the plants live near the top of the water they need the sunlight to help them grow and make food barnacles coral

Marine Animal Life Most marine organisms live near the top of the water or close to land Many animals dig down into the sand or hang on to rocks, so they do not get lost in the sea Other larger animals live where the water is deep barracuda star fish clown fish crab flashlight fish green sea turtle killer whale shrimp

The Freshwater Biome salt * Freshwater means it does not have _______________ in it * Includes still water and moving water * Examples of still water * Examples of moving water * lakes and ponds * rivers and streams

Freshwater Plant Life * Many of the plants that live in freshwater have strong roots to keep them in one place. * Some plants grow around the edge of the lake or float on the top of the water cattail water lily

Freshwater Animal Life carp trout bass bull frog mallards

A Special Kind of Water * Estuary * border between a freshwater biome and a marine biome * are salt marshes, lagoons, swamps, and mouths of rivers that go into the ocean * are a mixture of freshwater and salt water * some scientists believe estuaries are another biome, other scientists believe estuaries are an ecosystem * not very deep, so sunlight gets to all the water * have many fish and plants

A Quick Review 6 * There are __________ land biomes: 2 Tundra Tropical Rain Forest ____________________ ____________________ Coniferous Forest Grassland ____________________ ____________________ Deciduous Forest Desert ____________________ ____________________ 2 * There are __________ water biomes: Marine Freshwater ____________________ ____________________ estuary * The special kind of water is an ___________________.