Bell ringer  If you find out your diet isn’t as good as it should be, would you do something to change it? What would you be willing to do?

The typical American teen diet  Not enough Vitamin A and Vitamin C *Vitamin A: eye function; skin, hair & nails; immune response Deficiency: infectious diseases and vision problems

*Vitamin C: wound healing, growth, blood vessel health  Deficiency: anemia, bleeding gums, decreased ability to fight infection, decreased wound-healing rate, easy bruising, swollen and painful joints, weakened tooth enamel

 Not enough Iron and Calcium *Iron (Fe): red blood cell function Deficiency-anemia, fatigue, memory and mental function in teens

*Calcium (Ca): bones, teeth, nerve & muscle function Deficiency-osteoporosis later in life (brittle bones that break easily)

Too much cholesterol, sodium, and fat Cholesterol: important for production of Vitamin D and sex hormones, needed for digestion Too much: clog arteries and lead to heart disease, stroke

Sodium: needed for nerve function Too much: high blood pressure, heart and kidney problems

Fats: structural building blocks, insulation, cushioning of organs Too much: obesity, heart disease No more than 1/3 of your calories should come from fat

What is a calorie? Calorie = measure of energy content of food 1 cal = E needed to raise temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C Very tiny quantity: when people say “calorie” it actually means kcal

Calorie value of foods When you “burn” calories in exercise or just daily metabolism, you use calories your body has stored Fats: 9 cal/g Carbohydrates, proteins: 4 cal/g When your body breaks down the macromolecules the stored E is repackaged as ATP

Task  Analyzing sample teen diet --record information from nutrition labels onto chart --total each column --answer questions on separate sheet Boys—fill out for boys, girls for girls

Reading a food label

Calculating % increase or decrease  Formula: change in amount x 100 original amount Example: target calories = 2500 actual calories = 3500 So 3500 – 2500 =.40 = 40% excess 2500