Sentences are made up of parts

 Have a capital letter at the beginning  Include an ending punctuation mark  Have a subject and a verb  Express a complete thought

 She ate pizza with friends.  my dog ran across the street.  even though tacos are his favorite.  How many sports do you play  John on Thursday.  List your favorite movies.  Trudy works on the newspaper staff. S NS S S

 An independent clause has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought.  An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence.  An independent clause can also be thought of a simple sentence.

 A dependent clause is also called a subordinate clause.  A dependent clause does not express a complete thought.  It cannot stand alone as a sentence. When we went shopping Because she went to a different school last year

 A simple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought.  Sam is an eighth grader.  We went to Colorado last summer.

 A simple sentence can have a compound subject and/or a compound verb.  Trudy and Jack are on the newspaper staff.  John golfs and studies on Thursday. Trudy and Jack are compound subjects golfs and studies are compound verbs

 A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a conjunction. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. Michael studied for math, but he also studied for his English test. I and friend are the two subjects. Michael and he are the two subjects.

 Compound Sentences include a conjunction. Think FANBOY:  For  And  Nor  But  Or  Yet  So

 A complex sentence has an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.  A complex sentence always has a subordinate conjunction such as because, since, after, although, or when or it may contain a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which.  The subordinate conjunction and the relative pronoun are used to introduce the dependent clause.

 Time  after, as, as soon as, before, even after, even before, since, until, when, while, whenever   Place  everyplace, everywhere, where, wherever   Manner  as, as if, as though   Cause  as, because, inasmuch as, since, so that   Condition  if, on condition that, provided, unless   Concession  although, even though, though   Relative pronouns  who, whom, whose, that which

 When he handed in his test, he forgot to put his name on the paper.  Because his name was missing, the teacher took off five points.  Frank talked to the teacher after he saw his mistake.  The teacher would not change his score since it was a class rule.

 Everywhere they traveled in Europe, the Johnson’s ran into fellow Americans.  The city was crowded, and the tourists were tired.  The city was crowded when the tourists boarded the train.  France is my favorite country because I love the food and the countryside.

 Compound/Complex sentences contain two or more independent clauses, and at least one dependent clause.  Our basketball team won the game, and we went on to win the tournament, because the coach believed in our players. first independent clause dependent clause second independent clause

 Shannon ate pizza when she went to the mall, but she did not eat any ice cream.  It took four days to catch up on school work when I returned from the soccer tournament.  Jason loves to watch the movie after he reads a book, and he usually like the book better.  She was the woman who borrowed my car, so I feel she is responsible for filling it with gas.

 Write one simple sentence, one compound sentence, one complex sentence, and one compound/complex sentence.