The Spread of Hellenistic Culture

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Presentation transcript:

The Spread of Hellenistic Culture Chapter 5 section 5

Key Terms Hellenistic Alexandria Euclid Archimedes Colossus of Rhodes

Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria Hellenistic- blending of cultures from Greece, Egyptian, Persian and Indian Influences Koine- means common was a dialect of Greek Used to communicate in cities throughout the Hellenistic world

Trade and Cultural Diversity Alexandria (Egypt) center of commerce Strategic edge of Nile Delta Trade ships from all over the Mediterranean docked there Third century B.C became an international community and a population of one million

Alexandria’s Attractions Broad avenues with statues of Greek gods Royal palaces Alexander’s glass coffin 350 feet above then harbor was a lighthouse Famous museum and library First true research library

Astronomy Small observatory Aristarchus Estimated sun 300 times larger than earth Disproved that the sun was smaller than Greece Ptolemy placed earth in the center of the solar system This view accepted for the next 14 centuries

Astronomy Eratosthenes Also a poet and historian Correctly computer earth’s circumference 28,000-29,000 mile Actual today 24,860 Also a poet and historian

Mathematics and Physics Euclid-compile a geometry text Book Elements contained 465 geometry propositions and proofs Still the basis for geometry

Mathematics and Physics Archimedes Estimated the value of pi Explained the law of the lever Archimedes screw- raised water from the ground Compound pulley to lift heavy objects

Stoicism and Epicureanism Zeno founded Stoicism People should lead virtuous lives in harmony with natural laws and the will of the gods Desire for wealth and power were dangerous Social unity Focus on what they can control

Stoicism and Epicureanism Epicurus- founded Epicureanism Gods ruled the universe Only real objects were those the five senses perceived Greatest good and pleasure came from virtuous conduct and absence of pain Moderation in all things

Realism in Sculpture Rulers , wealthy merchants and cities purchased sculptures Portray people in everyday situations Colossus of Rhodes-bronze statue 100 feet high Nike (winged warrior) 203 BC made for naval victory

Realism in Sculpture Hellenistic moved to more natural works Carved ordinary people like a wrinkly old peasant woman 150 BC Hellenistic world in decline