1. Alexander the Great
Macedonian Greece

2. Peloponnesian War Athens vs Sparta
Sparta cannot control all of Greece, stage set for Macedonians
Widespread unemployment, loss of faith in Democracy
City states destroyed, declined in population
Athens vs Sparta
Peloponnesian War

4. Conquers all of Greece by 338 B.C.
Macedonians
Led by King Philip 
Conquers all of Greece by 338 B.C.
Murdered in 336 B.C.

5. Alexander the Great 20 years old king of Macedonian Greece
Trained by Aristotle
Motivated by fathers death, appreciation for Greek culture, Gods, and stories of Greek heroes

6. Greek Unification
Greeks are not used to following under one ruler, how can Alexander unite them?
Alexander will use a common enemy
Persia

7. Conqueror
Many territories along Mediterranean fall under Macedonian control
Egypt, unhappy with Persian rule is also taken over
Egyptians consider Alexander to be a God or Pharoah
City of Alexandria established

8. Alexandria Beautiful port city built in northern Egypt
Famous for lighthouse that could be seen from 35 miles out
First Museum: The Library of Alexandria which contained a zoo, botanical garden, and scientific center as well as a million volumes of research

9. Following victories along the Mediterranean Alexander moves inland on Persia
Alexander defeats Persepolis at Gaugamela and declares himself Persian emperor
Conqueror

10. Conqueror
In 327 Alexander crosses the Indus river and defeats Indian armies
Indus river valley is now a part of Macedonian empire

11. Military
Alexander is a great military strategist able to conquer diverse set of opposing armies
The Phalanx method was used for effective fighting

12. Alexanders Empire

13. Conquered
Alexander wants to continue towards China but decides to return towards Babylon to reunite empire
As he returns home falls ill from a fever and dies in 323 B.C.
What does this mean for his empire?

14. End of Alexander
Three of Alexanders top generals are put in charge of territories
Generals are Ptolemy, Antilogous, and Seleucid 
Rule of each region is separate with similar shared goals

15. Antilogous leads Greece and Macedonia
Seleucid leads Persian empire
Ptolemy is named Pharoah of Egypt

16. Macedonian Culture Hellenistic Culture
Mixture of Persian, Egyptian and Greek values
Language Koine, is spoken throughout empire
Government: empires with professional bureaucrats to make large body more manageable

17. Macedonian Achievements
Art follows themes of naturalism: Highlights human emotion
Comedies only in theatre less emphasis on tragedy and problems of outside world

18. Scientific Achievement
Ptolemy believes that Earth is center of universe a theory that was around for 14 centuries
Geocentric models
What is the correct model?

19. Achievements Euclid writes Elements of Geography
Circumference of Earth is measured within 1% of actual amount
Eratosthenes recognizes circumference of Sun greater than Earth
Achievements

20. Science and Medicine
Macedonians dissect corpses to discover insides of bodies
Many discoveries made about nervous system, brain, and liver

21. Hellenistic Philosophy
Major focus on personal behavior
Finding peace of mind
Zeno- What happens to people is caused by natural law, Anyone could lead a noble life
Diogenes- Key to happiness is giving up material possessions and living with nature